{"id":241154,"date":"2020-12-23T16:29:49","date_gmt":"2020-12-23T10:59:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=241154"},"modified":"2020-12-24T09:27:13","modified_gmt":"2020-12-24T03:57:13","slug":"bom-hc-whether-separate-earnings-of-a-widow-disentitle-her-from-claiming-compensation-in-a-case-of-vehicular-accident-read-the-interesting-aspects-of-whether-remarriage-number-of-dependents-etc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2020\/12\/23\/bom-hc-whether-separate-earnings-of-a-widow-disentitle-her-from-claiming-compensation-in-a-case-of-vehicular-accident-read-the-interesting-aspects-of-whether-remarriage-number-of-dependents-etc\/","title":{"rendered":"Bom HC | Whether separate earnings of a widow disentitle her from claiming compensation in a case of a vehicular accident? Read the interesting aspects: Whether remarriage, number of dependents, etc. will have an impact in claim petitions"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Bombay High Court: <\/strong>S.M. Modak, J., dealt with some significant issues in a claim petition wherein a widow is earning and has prospects of remarriage.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The present matter dealt with a very interesting issue involving an appeal about the entitlement of widow to the compensation who got remarried during the pendency of petition before Motor Accident Claims Tribunal.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">What is the effect of a marriage of widow on her right to claim compensation on account of the death of her husband in a vehicular accident?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Whether due to marriage, her right vanishes?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Further, the issue is whether an earning wife can be said to be dependent of her husband?<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">MACT did not reject the widow\u2019s claim but allotted less share to her. Insurance company on being aggrieved with the same, came in appeal, wherein the submissions were as follows:<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>the widow was working since the beginning and she was earning separately and as such, she is not depending on the income of her deceased husband and<\/li>\n<li>she lost her right to compensation on account of remarriage during the pendency of the petition.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong><u>Decision, Law and Analysis<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Bench laid down the focus on the following issues:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>a] Whether separate earnings of the widow has got any bearing on her right to claim compensation?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>b] Whether remarriage of widow dis-entitles her from claiming compensation?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><u>ISSUE OF DEPENDENCY &amp; REMARRIAGE<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bench observed that though the tribunal had outrightly rejected the ground of remarriage, but it apportioned the amount of compensation lesser in comparison to the 2 children and mother.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">While analyzing the issue, it was also stated that<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The widow is certainly one of the heirs on which property of a Hindu devolves as per intestate succession. Now, it is interesting to see how the word \u2018dependent\u2019 has evolved. It has been judicially recognized that &#8211;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">a] age of the deceased,<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">b] income of the deceased and<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">c] number of dependents<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">are 3 factors to be considered while fixing the quantum of compensation. From his earning the deceased will spend on himself and on his near relatives\/dependents. So when a person dies in a vehicular accident, dependents\/near relatives losses the amount contributed by the deceased towards them.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Supreme Court has laid down guidelines on how to calculate contribution to personal expenses and contribution towards dependents. It depends upon the status of the deceased (married\/unmarried) and on the number of dependents.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"color: #008000;\">More the number of dependents, lesser will be the contribution towards personal expenses.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bench in view of the above discussion noted the fact that the eligibility of dependency does not come first, it comes later while arriving at the quantum of compensation. Issue of \u2018legal representative\u2019 will come first while entertaining the claim petitions.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Supreme Court in the decision of <em>Manjuri Bera v. Oriental Insurance Company Ltd<\/em>., <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/465vEX06\">(2007) 10 SCC 643<\/a>, held that even married daughter residing with husband (though not dependent on the income of the father) being legal representative is entitled to claim compensation under Section 140 (no faulty liability) of the Motor Vehicle Act.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Punjab and Haryana High Court in <em>Kartar Kaur. v. Manoj Kumar, <\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/AnDKbF04\">2014 SCC OnLine P&amp;H 25130<\/a> held that<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u201cDis-entitling a woman on account of remarriage would go against the proposal of remarriage of widow after the death of the husband. Taking such drastic view would discourage the remarriage after the death of the husband.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Similarly in <em>National Insurance Company Ltd. v. Nidhi Goel, <\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/hZd2vEu0\">2018 SCC OnLine P&amp;H 6920<\/a>, it is observed that &#8211;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u201caccepting the proposition of Insurance Company would militate against the right of widow to remarry and it would not be in public interest or in the interest of the Society at large.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In view of the above decisions it can be found that a consistent view has been taken by all the Courts, that remarriage does not disqualify the widow from claiming compensation.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Continuing with the above analysis, Bench added that<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>the tribunal should consider the situation prevailing when the cause of action arises. At the time when the accident took place, the widow is the legal representative of the deceased, certainly, she is entitled to claim compensation. What we do is to determine the amount of compensation and its apportionment amongst the eligible persons. So when a widow approaches the Tribunal, she wants to exercise her right which has become part of her estate.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hence, the Court agreed with the consistent view taken by the Courts.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><u>APPLICATION OF MEASURES<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In accordance with Supreme Court guidelines to have uniformity in arriving at the income, it can be stated that if the deceased is having 2-3 dependents, it is presumed that he spends 1\/3rd on his personal expenses. If the deceased is having 4-6 dependents, it is presumed that he spends 1\u20444th of his income on his personal expenses.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><u>CRUCIAL ISSUE<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>When she is having a separate income, whether the widow can be said to be depending on the income of the deceased?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">There are two aspects with respect to the above issue:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>One is deciding the percentage for personal expenses and towards the contribution of dependents.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Second is the apportionment of compensation which comes later.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">As per the guidelines of the Supreme Court given in various judgments, <em>if wife is considered as one of the dependents, then there is a tendency to spend more on an individual and percentage of spending on dependents will be less. If number of dependents is more, there is tendency to spend less on an individual and spend more on dependents.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In the instant case, Court observes that both the spouses are earning. Monthly salary available of the deceased is Rs 23, 431. Where salary of widow Pushpa (for the month of January 2014) had come to Rs 40,044.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Bench expressed that, Separate earning of the widow does not relieve the deceased husband from contributing towards the expenses.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">To the above observation Court added that if the evidence on the point of spending by every individual spouse could have been available, this Court might have deleted the widow from the list of dependents.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hence the Court affirmed the percentage of distribution arrived by the tribunal.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Therefore, High Court opined that case for deleting the widow from list of dependents is not made out by the Insurance Company and remarriage will divest the widow from her right to claim compensation.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><u>APPORTIONMENT<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Mother of the deceased was also having two earning sons. It is also their responsibility, so why she shall be given 30%? In fact, more attention towards the two children of the deceased should have been paid.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">High Court felt that the widow does not deserve to get Rs 4,00,000 as she was already earning and prospects of re-marriage were there. She also had received service benefits of deceased and amount of L.I.C partially.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Amount was apportioned in the following manner:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"182\">Widow<\/td>\n<td width=\"182\">Rs 2,00,000<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"4\" width=\"182\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>50% of remaining amount of Rs 40,13,000 after deducting Rs 7,00,000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"182\">Son<\/td>\n<td width=\"182\">Rs 16, 56, 500<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"182\">Daughter<\/td>\n<td width=\"182\">Rs 16,56,500<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"182\">Mother<\/td>\n<td width=\"182\">Rs 5,00,000<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[Bajaj Allianz General Insurance Company Ltd. v. Pushpa Narayan Khurde, First Appeal No. 1379 of 2018, decided on 18-12-2020]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bombay High Court: S.M. Modak, J., dealt with some significant issues in a claim petition wherein a widow is earning and has <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8808,"featured_media":74381,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[2518,38173,2728,30336,44596,29785,38630,30951,37847,3617],"class_list":["post-241154","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-Bombay_High_Court","tag-claim-petition","tag-compensation","tag-deceased","tag-earning","tag-law","tag-legal-representative","tag-mact","tag-motor-accident","tag-widow"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Bom HC | Whether separate earnings of a widow disentitle her from claiming compensation in a case of a vehicular accident? 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HC elaborates","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"December 9, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Allahabad High Court:\u00a0Dr Kaushal Jayendra Thaker, J., modified the sum of the award granted to a widow by the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal. The instant appeal was filed challenging the judgment and award passed by the Additional District Judge wherein the sum of Rs 70,000 with an interest of rate\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":256895,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/11\/10\/in-absence-of-documentary-evidence-can-monthly-income-of-deceased-be-determined-as-notional-income-for-purpose-of-determining-compensation-under-mv-act\/","url_meta":{"origin":241154,"position":3},"title":"Bom HC | In absence of documentary evidence, can monthly income of deceased be determined as notional income for purpose of determining compensation under MV Act? Explained","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"November 10, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Bombay High Court: Noting that the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal Member did not properly determine just and proper compensation, V.M. Deshpande, J., while partly allowing the appeal enhanced compensation. Instant appeal was filed by the claimants for enhancement of compensation. Factual Matrix Appellants were the widow, sons and daughters of\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":247256,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/04\/17\/motor-vehicles-accident\/","url_meta":{"origin":241154,"position":4},"title":"All HC | What&#8217;s the purpose of keeping money in FD where claimant is unable to see colour of compensation?: HC directs Tribunal to disburse entire claim amount to claimant&#8217;s account","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"April 17, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Allahabad High Court: The Division Bench of Dr Kaushal Jayendra Thaker and Ajit Singh, JJ., allowed the appeal of the claimants in a motor vehicle accident claim while dismissing the appeal of the insurance company. Claimants and Insurance Company on being aggrieved by the award and decree passed by Motor\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":338268,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2025\/01\/02\/andhra-pradesh-high-court-motor-accident-compensation-appeal-judgment-legal-news\/","url_meta":{"origin":241154,"position":5},"title":"Andhra Pradesh High Court upholds compensation in Motor Accident Case; Dismisses allegations of foul play","author":"Arunima","date":"January 2, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"For the purpose of awarding compensation, there should be the causal relationship between the use of the motor vehicle and the accident resulting in death or permanent disablement, but the same is not required to be direct and proximate.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Andhra Pradesh High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Andhra-Pradesh-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Andhra-Pradesh-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Andhra-Pradesh-High-Court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Andhra-Pradesh-High-Court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/241154","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8808"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=241154"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/241154\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/74381"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=241154"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=241154"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=241154"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}