{"id":239527,"date":"2020-11-23T14:20:42","date_gmt":"2020-11-23T08:50:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=239527"},"modified":"2020-12-09T10:56:38","modified_gmt":"2020-12-09T05:26:38","slug":"ker-hc-is-there-a-limitation-period-for-wife-to-claim-property-entrusted-to-in-laws-given-in-form-of-dowry-court-answers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2020\/11\/23\/ker-hc-is-there-a-limitation-period-for-wife-to-claim-property-entrusted-to-in-laws-given-in-form-of-dowry-court-answers\/","title":{"rendered":"Ker HC | Is there a limitation period for wife to claim property entrusted to in-laws given in form of dowry? Court answers"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Kerala\u00a0High Court:\u00a0<\/strong>A Full Bench of A.M. Shaffique, Sunil Thomas and Gopinath, JJ., held that there is no limitation period for wife\/divorced wife to claim her property entrusted to husband\/in-laws given in the form of dowry or otherwise.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Questions involved was:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\">Whether trust created by a wife entrusting her property to her husband gets extinguished after the dissolution of marriage and whether she can initiate proceedings invoking Section 10 of the Limitation Act, 1963 without any limitation of time?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">For the above-stated question, reference was made to the decision of\u00a0<em>Bindu K.P. v. Surendran C.K.,\u00a0<\/em>[2018 (2) KHC 1] wherein it was held that claim of the wife or ex-wife for a dowry is not barred by any length of time.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Counsel for the appellant Sri S.K. Balachandran placed the following decision before the Court:<\/p>\n<div title=\"Page 1\">\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><em>Swapna v. Thankavelu,<\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/40z5J6Xw\"> <b>1990 SCC OnLine Ker 168<\/b><\/a>: &#8211; In the above case, a Single Judge of this Court held that when valuable articles are entrusted by the wife to the husband for safe custody, the husband remains in the position as a trustee who is bound to account to the wife all her properties at any time when she demands. The aforesaid judgment was delivered following the Supreme Court judgment in <em>Pratibha Rani v. Surajkuma<\/em>r, (1985) 2 SCC 370. It was further held that if the husband is a trustee, the wife is entitled to follow the property in the possession of the trustee, and Section 10 of the Limitation Act would apply.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><em>Chacko v. Annamma, <\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/eN470q0H\">(1985) 2 SCC 370<\/a>: &#8211; In this case, the Division Bench of this Court approved Swapna&#8217;s case stated above. In the above case, on a detailed analysis of the relevant provisions including Section 10 of the Limitation Act and the provisions of the Trusts Act, overruling an earlier judgment in <em>Annamma v. Thressiamma<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/7v3s7hUX\">1971 SCC OnLine Ker 86<\/a>, it was held that there is a creation of trust in respect of stridhanam property and therefore Section 10 applies.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>In\u00a0<em>Bhatacharjee v. Sarathi Choudhury<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/59D4k65P\">1993 SCC OnLine Ker 13<\/a>, while considering the impact of Section 12 of the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005, the Supreme Court held that as long as the status of the aggrieved person remains, and the stridhanam remains in the custody of the husband, the wife can put forth a claim under Section 12 of the Act.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Question involved in the above reference was the following:<\/p>\n<div dir=\"auto\" title=\"Page 3\">\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"color: #000080;\">When there is a change in circumstances between the spouses, especially when there is a dissolution of marriage and substantial time had elapsed, whether the trust created between them would be extinguished?<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/ssEDO3jv\">Section 10 of the Limitation Act<\/a> states as follows:<\/strong><\/p>\n<div dir=\"auto\" title=\"Page 3\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><strong>\u201c10. Suits against trustees and their representatives-<\/strong>\u00a0Notwithstanding anything contained in the foregoing provisions of this Act, no suit against a person in whom property has become vested in trust for any specific purpose, or against his legal representatives or assigns (not being assigns for valuable consideration), for the purpose of following in his or their hands such property, or the proceeds thereof, or for an account of such property or proceeds, shall be barred by any length of time.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Explanation.-For the purposes of this section any property comprised in a Hindu, Muslim or Buddhist religious or charitable endowment shall be deemed to be property vested in trust for a specific purpose and the manager of the property shall be deemed to be the trustee thereof.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In view of the decisions referred above, it is settled that,<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"color: #000080;\">when the wife entrusts with the husband any property belonging to her, a trust is created and the husband is bound to return the same to his wife. If the same is not returned, the wife has a right to demand the same by filing a suit or as in the present case, file an application before the Family Court or take other necessary steps under the relevant statutes in force.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<div dir=\"auto\" title=\"Page 3\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">When Section 10 of the Limitation Act indicates that there is no limitation for initiating any such action, in the absence of any other statute providing for a limitation, the trustee cannot take a contention that he shall not return the trust property on account of any period of limitation. The question posed is, when the relationship between the parties gets deranged and results in divorce, whether the trust gets extinguished and the divorced wife would be entitled to invoke Section 10 of the Limitation Act and file a suit at her will and pleasure at any point in time. In such an event, the questions to be considered are (i) whether a trust had been created at any point of time, (ii) if a trust has been created and the husband remains in the position of a trustee, whether it gets extinguished on the dissolution of marriage or under any other circumstances.<\/p>\n<div dir=\"auto\" title=\"Page 3\">\n<div dir=\"auto\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Under <strong>Section 77 of the Indian Trusts Act, 1882,<\/strong> a trust gets extinguished only under certain circumstances. Section 77 reads as under:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u201c77. Trust how extinguished.\u2014 A trust is extinguished\u2014<\/em><br \/>\n<em>(a) when its purpose is completely fulfilled; or<\/em><br \/>\n<em>(b) when its purpose becomes unlawful; or<\/em><br \/>\n<em>(c) when the fulfilment of its purpose becomes impossible by the destruction of the trust-property or otherwise; or<\/em><br \/>\n<em>(d) when the trust, being revocable, is expressly revoked.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hence, unless any of the above-stated eventualities as mentioned take place, which is a question of fact to be decided on a case to case basis and once a trust is created, it continues to operate, even though marriage is dissolved. However, in an instance where there is an agreement between the parties settling the obligations arising from the trust, it gets fulfilled in terms of Section 77(a).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">As per the Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961, when a statutory trust is created in respect of dowry, the principle aforestated shall apply.<\/p>\n<div dir=\"auto\" title=\"Page 4\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Further, the Court added that, in the case of ornaments which are given in the form of dowry, definitely, a statutory trust is created. Even otherwise, if the ornaments owned by the wife do not form part of the dowry and if there is an entrustment of gold ornaments by the wife to the husband or his parents, a trust gets created, in which event, the trustee or trustees, as the case may be, are liable to return the same and there is no limitation for claiming the same by the wife\/divorced wife.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In light of the above, the Court agreed with the law laid down in\u00a0<em>Chacko v. Annamma<\/em>, (1993) 1 KLT 675 and upheld the view expressed in\u00a0<em>Bindu K.P. v. Surendran C.K.<\/em>, [2018 (2) KHC 1]. <span style=\"text-align: justify; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">[Sheela K.K. v. N.G. Suresh, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/Qq4zlX8A\">2020 SCC OnLine Ker 4240<\/a>, decided on 24-09-2020]<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kerala\u00a0High Court:\u00a0A Full Bench of A.M. Shaffique, Sunil Thomas and Gopinath, JJ., held that there is no limitation period for wife\/divorced wife <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8808,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[20061,11721,2641,29785,24144,44172,3590,14611,2642],"class_list":["post-239527","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-dissolution-of-marriage","tag-divorced-wife","tag-husband","tag-law","tag-limitation-act","tag-ornaments","tag-property","tag-trust","tag-wife"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Ker HC | Is there a limitation period for wife to claim property entrusted to in-laws given in form of dowry? 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Detailed report untangling significance of &#8216;Permanent Alimony&#8217; &#038; &#8216;Periodical Maintenance&#8217;","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"December 7, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Gujarat High Court:\u00a0The Division Bench of J.B. Pardiwala and Vireshkumar B. Mayani, JJ., while addressing the issue of grant of permanent alimony to a Muslim Woman noted the significant difference between permanent alimony and periodical maintenance. An instant appeal under Section 19 of the Family Courts Act, 1984 was filed\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/1200px-Gujarat-High-Court-1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/1200px-Gujarat-High-Court-1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/1200px-Gujarat-High-Court-1.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/1200px-Gujarat-High-Court-1.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/1200px-Gujarat-High-Court-1.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":266567,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/05\/07\/irretrievable-breakdown-of-marriage-2\/","url_meta":{"origin":239527,"position":1},"title":"Irretrievable breakdown of Marriage: Chh HC dissolves marriage on appeal filed by husband against trial court order","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"May 7, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Chhattisgarh High Court: Sanjay S. Agrawal, J., reversed the judgment of the trial court and granted divorce in an application filed by the husband, while granting Rs 15 lakhs permanent alimony to the wife. Applicant-Husband had preferred an appeal under Section 28 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 questioning the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":215498,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/06\/10\/all-hc-sex-against-order-of-nature-against-the-wishes-of-wife-a-criminal-offence-and-marital-wrong-amounting-to-cruelty-which-is-a-ground-for-dissolution-of-marriage\/","url_meta":{"origin":239527,"position":2},"title":"All HC | Sex against order of nature, against the wishes of wife \u2013 a criminal offence and marital wrong amounting to cruelty, which is a ground for dissolution of marriage","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"June 10, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Allahabad High Court: A Division Bench of Shashi Kant Gupta and Pradeep Kumar Srivastava, JJ. affirmed the Judgment of lower court granting a divorce to a lady under Section 13(1) of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, on the ground that her husband committed forcible unnatural sex with her. The issue,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":241383,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2020\/12\/28\/2020-wrap-up-family-law-allied-provisions\/","url_meta":{"origin":239527,"position":3},"title":"2020 Wrap-Up &#8212; Family Law &#038; Allied Provisions","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"December 28, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"In our series of 2020 wrap-ups, let's revisit and take a dive at some of our stories on family laws and how different High Courts dealt with the same involving some very significant rulings. We have listed down Case briefs under sub-categories, of our coverage under the Family Law and\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Banking and Negotiable Instruments&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Banking and Negotiable Instruments","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/banking-and-negotiable-instruments\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Wrap-Up-2020.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Wrap-Up-2020.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Wrap-Up-2020.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Wrap-Up-2020.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Wrap-Up-2020.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":200732,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/08\/28\/wife-divorced-on-grounds-of-desertion-entitled-to-claim-maintenance-under-section-125-crpc-husbands-challenge-to-award-of-maintenance-dismissed\/","url_meta":{"origin":239527,"position":4},"title":"Wife divorced on grounds of desertion entitled to claim maintenance under Section 125 CrPC; husband\u2019s challenge to award of maintenance dismissed","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"August 28, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Bombay High Court: A Single Judge Bench comprising of Mangesh S. Patil, J. dismissed a husband's challenge to the award of compensation to his divorced wife granted by the Additional Sessions Judge. The appellant-husband and respondent-wife were married in 2003. Subsequently, they developed discord and the wife left the husband\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":207619,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/01\/04\/maintenance-wife\/","url_meta":{"origin":239527,"position":5},"title":"Maintenance &#8211; Wife","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"January 4, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"[Disclaimer: This note is for general information only. It is NOT to be substituted for legal advice or taken as legal advice. The publishers of the blog shall not be liable for any act or omission based on this note] \u00a0Introduction \"Maintenance\" is an amount payable by the husband to\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Law made Easy&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Law made Easy","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/law-made-easy\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/MAINTENANCE.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/MAINTENANCE.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/MAINTENANCE.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/MAINTENANCE.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/MAINTENANCE.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/239527","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8808"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=239527"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/239527\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=239527"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=239527"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=239527"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}