{"id":238374,"date":"2020-11-02T16:32:57","date_gmt":"2020-11-02T11:02:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=238374"},"modified":"2020-11-06T11:40:02","modified_gmt":"2020-11-06T06:10:02","slug":"mv-accident-claims-all-hc-what-is-liability-of-insurer-in-accident-case-of-contributory-as-well-as-composite-negligence-on-whom-lies-burden-of-proof-court-extrapolates","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2020\/11\/02\/mv-accident-claims-all-hc-what-is-liability-of-insurer-in-accident-case-of-contributory-as-well-as-composite-negligence-on-whom-lies-burden-of-proof-court-extrapolates\/","title":{"rendered":"[MV Accident Claims] All HC | What is liability of insurer in accident case of contributory as well as composite negligence; on whom lies burden of proof? Court extrapolates"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"gmail_quote\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Allahabad High Court:<\/strong>\u00a0Dr Kaushal Jayendra Thaker, J., directed the insurance company to indemnify the claimants of the deceased who died in an accident, subject, inter alia, to recovery\/deduction of 10% of the amount since the present is a case of contributory negligence.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"gmail_quote\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\">\n<p>\u00a0Present appeal arose from the accident which injured the family of the deceased (late District Judge) and in which the sole bread earner of the family lost his life in the accident. It has been stated that both the driver of the car and owner of the car died whereas the driver of the truck also lost his life.<\/p>\n<p>Claimants preferred the present appeal against the judgment and award passed by Additional District Judge\/Motor Accident Claims Tribunal, Allahabad.<\/p>\n<p>Insurance company challenged the grant of compensation in\u00a0<em>Durga Verma\u00a0<\/em>v.<em>\u00a0Ranno Devi,\u00a0<\/em>FAFO No. 1359 of 2001 and FAFO No. 1365 of 2001 whereby the insurance company challenged the judgments qua quantum and alleged breach of policy condition and have also challenged the finding of the tribunal as far as negligence attributed to the driver of the truck was concerned.<\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Facts that lead to the present appeals<\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Husband and father of the claimants respectively died in an accident which occurred in the year 1994. The car which the deceased was driving dashed with another vehicle (a truck) causing the death of drivers of both the vehicles who succumbed to injuries caused by the said accident.<\/p>\n<p>The insurance company contested that the vehicle in which the Fiat car dashed was not involved in the accident and the insurance company was not liable and the driver was not having a valid driving license, hence there was a breach of a policy condition. Insurance company contended that it was a case of\u00a0<strong>contributory negligence\u00a0<\/strong>on the part of the driver of the car.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Insurance Company preferred two appeals against the award in favour of the heirs of driver of Fiat car and heirs of owner of Fiat car.\u00a0The injured and heirs of both driver and owner have also filed appeals for enhancement.<\/p>\n<div class=\"gmail_quote\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\">\n<h4><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Analysis &amp; Decision<\/span><\/h4>\n<p>The Bench stated that it will advert to the principles of negligence: both contributory as well as composite negligence. Further, it added that it is a case of composite negligence but\u00a0qua the driver of the Fiat car, it can be a case of contributory negligence.<\/p>\n<p>Relying on the decision of Supreme Court in\u00a0<em>Pappu\u00a0<\/em>v.<em> Vinod Kumar Lamba, <\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/Gj8hUE3B\">(2018) 3 SCC 208<\/a> and <em>Sant Lal\u00a0<\/em>v.<em> Rajesh, <\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/Iw3eW0Gw\">(2017) 8 SCC 590<\/a>, the Bench stated that the liability would arise if a number of the licence was given and issuing authorities whereabouts were given in absence of the same, the insurance company has to be granted recovery rights from the owner of the truck to recover subject to the procedure suggested in the above two cases.<\/p>\n<div title=\"Page 7\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<p>Insurance company did not file any documentary evidence, however, subject to the fact that the driver of the truck did not possess a proper driving license, they are granted recovery rights from the owner.<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Negligence<\/span><\/h3>\n<div title=\"Page 7\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<p>Negligence means failure to exercise the required degree of care expected of a prudent driver. Negligence is the omission to do something which a reasonable man, guided upon the\u00a0considerations,\u00a0which ordinarily regulate the conduct of human affairs, would do, or doing something which a prudent and reasonable man would not do. Negligence is not always a question of direct evidence. It is an inference to be drawn from proved facts.<\/p>\n<div title=\"Page 8\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<p>What may be negligence in one case may not be so in another.<\/p>\n<div title=\"Page 8\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>Well-Settled Law<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>At the intersection where two roads cross each other, it is the duty of a fast-moving vehicle to slow down and if the driver did not slow down at the intersection, but continued to proceed at a high speed without caring to notice that another vehicle was crossing, then the conduct of driver necessarily leads to the conclusion that vehicle was being driven by him rashly as well as negligently.<\/p>\n<p>In the instant matter, the Bench observed that:<\/p>\n<div title=\"Page 9\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8220;Merely, because the driver of the truck was driving a vehicle on the left side of road would not absolve him from his responsibility to slow down vehicle as he approaches the intersection of roads, particularly when he could have easily seen, that the car over which deceased was riding, was approaching intersection.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Court added that,\u00a0<em>even if courts may not by interpretation displace the principles of law which are considered to be well settled and, therefore, court cannot dispense with proof of negligence altogether in all cases of motor vehicle accidents, it is possible to develop the law further on the following lines; when a motor vehicle is being driven with reasonable care, it would ordinarily not meet with an accident and, therefore, rule of res-ipsa loquitor as a rule of evidence may be invoked in motor accident cases with greater frequency than in ordinary civil suits\u00a0<\/em>[per three-Judge Bench in\u00a0<i>Jacob Mathew<\/i>\u00a0v.\u00a0<i>State of Punjab<\/i>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/vr22j2Gb\">(2005) 6 SCC 1<\/a><em>.<br \/>\n<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It was held that by the above process, the burden of proof may ordinarily be cast on the defendants in a motor accident claim petition to prove that motor vehicle was being driven with reasonable care or that there is equal negligence on the part the other side. In the present case, the vehicles are of unequal magnitude: one is a fiat car and the other a truck; the oral testimony of the witnesses go to show that the truck driver driving the vehicle at an exorbitant speed could not control itself, but at the same time if the driver of the Fiat car would also had been cautious, he would have averted the accident taking place and therefore he is held to be also &#8220;co-author&#8221; of the accident but to the tune of 10%.<\/p>\n<div class=\"gmail_quote\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\">\n<div title=\"Page 7\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<div title=\"Page 7\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<div title=\"Page 8\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<div title=\"Page 8\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<div title=\"Page 9\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<p>Bench held that,\u00a0it is case of composite negligence as far as the other inmates of Fiat car are concerned and therefore the insurance company will have to indemnify the claimants however it may recover the said amount to the tune of 10% from the owner-driver and insurance company of the Fiat car. As far as the claimant is concerned who is the widow of the\u00a0driver of the Fiat car the compensation would be lessened to the tune of 10% as the driver has been held to be negligent to that effect. The driver of the Fiat car should have also taken proper caution and having not done so some negligence is attributed to him also.<\/p>\n<p>Hence, the appeals preferred by the insurance company are decided likewise.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"gmail_quote\">\n<div dir=\"ltr\">\n<div title=\"Page 7\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<div title=\"Page 7\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<div title=\"Page 8\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<div title=\"Page 8\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<div title=\"Page 9\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Appeals of claimants were partly allowed. [National Insurance Co. Ltd. v. Durga Verma,\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/8xCZEgqO\"><b>2019 SCC OnLine All 6696<\/b><\/a>, decided on 10-12-2019]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Allahabad High Court:\u00a0Dr Kaushal Jayendra Thaker, J., directed the insurance company to indemnify the claimants of the deceased who died in an <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8808,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[37542,4201,25753,3301,41489,43946],"class_list":["post-238374","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-composite-negligence","tag-contributory-negligence","tag-insurance-company","tag-liability","tag-motor-accident-claims","tag-motor-accident-vehicles"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>[MV Accident Claims] All HC | What is liability of insurer in accident case of contributory as well as composite negligence; on whom lies burden of proof? 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Court examines","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"November 30, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Allahabad High Court:\u00a0Dr Kaushal Jayendra Thaker, J., while addressing the matter observed that: \"...where there are multiple claims, MACT should place all the matters before the same Tribunal and the same tribunal should consolidate the matter and decide the same.\"\u00a0 The instant appeal was at the behest of the claimants\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":249989,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/06\/18\/learners-licence\/","url_meta":{"origin":238374,"position":1},"title":"Madras HC | In motor accident claims, can tribunal deduct certain percentage from compensation because rider had a learner&#8217;s license? Court answers","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"June 18, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Madras High Court: The Division Bench of Pushpa Sathyanaryana and S. Kannammal, JJ., revised the amount of compensation awarded to the claimant in a motor accident claim and enhanced it from Rs 30,89,430 to Rs 83,35,000. Instant appeal was preferred challenging the decision and decree of the Motor Accident Claims\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":331388,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/09\/21\/vicarious-application-of-contributory-negligence-car-driver-to-passengers-reduce-compensation-sc-legal-news\/","url_meta":{"origin":238374,"position":2},"title":"Motor Accident Claim | Vicarious application of contributory negligence of car driver to the passengers, to reduce compensation is illegal: SC","author":"Sucheta","date":"September 21, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cThe High Court recorded an incongruous finding that if the offending truck had not been parked on the highway, the accident would not have happened even if the car was being driven at a very high speed. Therefore, the reasoning of the High Court on the issue of contributory negligence\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Vicarious application of contributory negligence to passengers","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Vicarious-application-of-contributory-negligence-to-passengers.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Vicarious-application-of-contributory-negligence-to-passengers.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Vicarious-application-of-contributory-negligence-to-passengers.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Vicarious-application-of-contributory-negligence-to-passengers.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":272546,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/08\/29\/tort-feasor-claim-compensation-madras-high-court-legal-research-legal-news\/","url_meta":{"origin":238374,"position":3},"title":"Duty of the claimants to prove negligence under S.166 of the Motor Vehicles Act; Madras High Court set aside the award","author":"Editor","date":"August 29, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Madras High Court: In an appeal filed against the ruling of the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal, granting compensation to the three deceased persons travelling on a single motorcycle and one of the claimant being the rider of the only vehicle involved in the accident; R. Tharani, J. has held that\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Madras High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Madras-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Madras-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Madras-HC.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Madras-HC.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Madras-HC.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":318745,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/03\/30\/bombay-hc-reverses-mact-order-finds-sole-negligence-driver-offending-trailer\/","url_meta":{"origin":238374,"position":4},"title":"Bombay HC denies contributory negligence of car which dashed trailer with no parking or tail lights","author":"Ridhi","date":"March 30, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Bombay High Court found driving a 70 feet long trailer without any brake light or tale lamps as a grievous negligence.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Bombay High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Bombay-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Bombay-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Bombay-High-Court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Bombay-High-Court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":207660,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/01\/05\/hc-cannot-exercise-jurisdiction-equivalent-to-sc-under-artice-142-to-enhance-compensation-in-mv-claims-bom-hc\/","url_meta":{"origin":238374,"position":5},"title":"Bom HC | HC cannot exercise jurisdiction equivalent to SC under Artice 142 to enhance compensation in MV claims","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"January 5, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Bombay High Court: The Bench of Sunil K. Kotwal, J. dismissed an appeal while modifying the award passed by the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal, Latur (MACT). The present appeal was filed by the New India Assurance Company Ltd. - respondent 2 against the judgment and award passed by Motor Accident\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/238374","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8808"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=238374"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/238374\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=238374"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=238374"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=238374"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}