{"id":237359,"date":"2020-10-12T19:34:49","date_gmt":"2020-10-12T14:04:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=237359"},"modified":"2020-11-01T19:27:00","modified_gmt":"2020-11-01T13:57:00","slug":"sc-evidence-has-to-be-weighed-and-not-counted","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2020\/10\/12\/sc-evidence-has-to-be-weighed-and-not-counted\/","title":{"rendered":"SC| Evidence has to be weighed and not counted"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Supreme Court<\/strong>: Giving benefit of doubt to the accused convicted under Section 302 IPC r\/w Section 34 IPC, the 3-judge bench of SK Kaul, Anirudhha Bose and Krishna Muraji, JJ reiterated that Court can and may act on the testimony of single eye-witness provided he is wholly reliable.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #333399;\">\u201c\u2026 the prosecution has miserably failed to prove the guilt of the accused beyond doubt the appellants therefore must be given benefit of doubt.\u201d<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Court was heading the matter where the appellants were convicted for killing the deceased by giving him hockey and knife blows. The Trial Court came to the conclusion that the prosecution had brought home the guilt of the accused persons and accordingly sentenced them to Life Imprisonment.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Before the Supreme Court, it was argued by the defence that<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>The knife which was recovered had a blunt tip, as such, the injuries as mentioned in the post mortem report were not possible to be caused by the said knife. Even, this knife was not shown to the doctor to seek his opinion whether injuries were possible by the said blunt knife or not.<\/li>\n<li>Recovery of hockey at the instance of the appellant was not even believed by the Trial Court.<\/li>\n<li>the conviction and sentence of the appellants based upon the sole testimony of one eye witness, whose conduct was unnatural and inconsistent with the ordinary course of human nature making his presence at the site of incident extremely doubtful, is highly unsafe without corroboration from other piece of evidence.<\/li>\n<li>The other two eye witnesses have turned hostile and nothing could be elicited from their cross-examination by the prosecution.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Prosecution argued<\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Two Courts have recorded concurrent finding of guilt of the accused appellants based on the testimony of an eye witness which they found to be reliable and there exists no legal impediment for conviction on the basis of the same.<\/li>\n<li>Evidence of a hostile witness is not to be discarded as a whole and relevant parts thereof which are admissible in law can be relied upon by the prosecution.<\/li>\n<li>The conviction cannot be assailed merely because of some lacuna in investigation and any failure or omission of the investigating officer cannot render the prosecution case doubtful or unworthy of belief, in a case where the prosecution case is fully established by direct testimony of eye witness duly corroborated by medical evidence.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Considering the submissions and material on record, the Court noticed,<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\"><strong>\u201cThere is no legal impediment in convicting a person on the sole testimony of a single witness. That is the logic of Section 134 of the Evidence Act, 1872. But if there are doubts about the testimony, Courts will insist on corroboration. It is not the number, the quantity but quality that is material. The time honoured principle is that evidence has to be weighed and not counted. On this principle stands the edifice of 8 Section 134 of the Evidence Act. The test is whether the evidence has a ring of truth, is cogent, credible and trustworthy or otherwise.\u201d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Court said that in the facts and circumstances of the case this was serious lapse on the part of the investigating officer. Though normally minor lapses on the part of the investigating officer should not come in the way of accepting eye witness account, if otherwise reliable. But in the circumstances of the case at hands where the conduct of sole eye witness is unnatural and there are various other surrounding circumstances which make his presence at the site of incident doubtful, such a lapse on the part of the investigating officer assumed significance and is not liable to ignored.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It was, hence, held,<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #333399;\">\u201c\u2026 ordinarily this Court could be reluctant to disturb the concurrent view but since there are inherent improbabilities in the prosecution story and the conduct of eye witness is inconsistent with ordinary course of human nature we do not think it would be safe to convict the appellants upon the incorroborated testimony of the sole eye witness.\u201d<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[Amar Singh v. State (NCT of Delhi),\u00a0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/J3t9O0Ub\"><b>2020 SCC OnLine SC 826<\/b><\/a>, decided on 12.10.2020]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201c\u2026 the prosecution has miserably failed to prove the guilt of the accused beyond doubt the appellants therefore must be given benefit of doubt.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121,"featured_media":154914,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,9],"tags":[4561,26894,43776,2521,10151,2948,43775],"class_list":["post-237359","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-supremecourt","tag-acquittal","tag-benefit-of-doubt","tag-credibility-of-witness","tag-Evidence","tag-eye-witness","tag-murder","tag-sole-witness"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>SC| Evidence has to be weighed and not counted | SCC Times<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"There is no legal impediment in convicting a person on the sole testimony of a single witness. 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As per the prosecution story, on the day of the incident, the complainant went\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/calcutta-court.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/calcutta-court.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/calcutta-court.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/calcutta-court.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/calcutta-court.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":205549,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/11\/20\/combined-impact-of-different-weapons-used-during-robbery-to-be-considered-for-conviction-under-section-397-ipc-del-hc\/","url_meta":{"origin":237359,"position":1},"title":"Combined impact of different weapons used during robbery to be considered for conviction under Section 397 IPC: Del HC","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"November 20, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Delhi High Court:\u00a0A Single Judge Bench comprising of Mukta Gupta,\u00a0 J. dismissed a bunch of criminal appeals filed against the judgment of the trial court whereby the appellants were convicted under Section 392 read with Section 397 IPC. The appellants were accused of having robbed passengers of a gramin sewa\u00a0vehicle\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":287257,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/03\/20\/circumstantial-evidence-to-be-accompanied-with-motive-and-corroborating-evidence-supreme-court-acquits-men-accused-of-murder-legal-news-legal-research-updates\/","url_meta":{"origin":237359,"position":2},"title":"\u2018Circumstantial evidence to be accompanied with motive and corroborating evidence\u2019; Supreme Court acquits men accused in 2001 murder case","author":"Editor","date":"March 20, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"The Supreme Court opined that the evidence has to be scrutinized so as to ensure that the totality of the evidence and circumstances relied on, did constitute a complete chain and directly points to the guilt of the convict.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"evidence","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/MicrosoftTeams-image-787.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/MicrosoftTeams-image-787.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/MicrosoftTeams-image-787.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/MicrosoftTeams-image-787.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 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Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":328514,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/08\/12\/13-year-old-murder-case-acquittal-prosecution-guilt-not-establihed-supreme-court-legal-news\/","url_meta":{"origin":237359,"position":4},"title":"Supreme Court acquits persons accused in 13-year-old murder case as prosecution fails to establish guilt convincingly","author":"Sucheta","date":"August 12, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"While exercising jurisdiction under Article 136 of the Constitution, the Court does not interfere with the concurrent findings recorded by the courts below, until and unless the evidence has not been properly appreciated, material aspects have been ignored and the findings are perverse.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"13-year-old-murder case supreme court acquittal","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/13-year-old-murder-case-supreme-court-acquittal.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/13-year-old-murder-case-supreme-court-acquittal.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/13-year-old-murder-case-supreme-court-acquittal.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/13-year-old-murder-case-supreme-court-acquittal.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":215142,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/05\/29\/all-hc-couple-accused-of-murder-and-sentenced-to-death-by-sessions-court-acquitted-for-prosecutions-failure-to-prove-guilt-beyond-reasonable-doubt\/","url_meta":{"origin":237359,"position":5},"title":"All HC | Couple accused of murder &#8211; sentenced to death by Sessions Court, acquitted for prosecution\u2019s failure to prove guilt beyond reasonable doubt","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"May 29, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Allahabad High Court: A Division Bench of Ramesh Sinha and Dinesh Kumar Singh-I, JJ. allowed the appeal filed by a couple accused of murder, against the trial court\u2019s order sentencing them to death for the said offence; and set aside the death reference made by the trial court. 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