{"id":236067,"date":"2020-09-21T17:12:22","date_gmt":"2020-09-21T11:42:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=236067"},"modified":"2020-10-02T13:38:33","modified_gmt":"2020-10-02T08:08:33","slug":"gau-hc-can-a-judge-be-sued-for-any-act-done-or-ordered-to-be-done-by-him-in-discharge-of-his-judicial-duty-hc-discusses-provision","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2020\/09\/21\/gau-hc-can-a-judge-be-sued-for-any-act-done-or-ordered-to-be-done-by-him-in-discharge-of-his-judicial-duty-hc-discusses-provision\/","title":{"rendered":"Gau HC | Can a Judge be sued for any act done or ordered to be done by him in discharge of his judicial duty? HC discusses provision"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Gauhati High Court:\u00a0<\/strong>Ajai Lamba, CJ while addressing the present petition observed that,<\/p>\n<div class=\"page\" style=\"text-align: justify;\" title=\"Page 6\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\">&#8220;&#8230;the protection available under the Judges (Protection) Act, 1985 is absolute and is available not only to a sitting Judge but also to an Ex-Judge in respect of the actions taken or words spoken by him while discharging his official or judicial functions.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">Present petition has been filed to seek issuance of a writ of certiorari for quashing the Order wherein the petitioner was directed to show cause as to <\/span><em style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">why the dead cow was disposed of without informing the trial court.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Petitioner has also sought to quash an order whereby the petitioner was asked to show cause as to why contempt proceedings be not initiated against him for not complying with Order dated 28-07-2020 issued in connection to giving zimma of 4 seized vehicles.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Analysis and Decision<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It has been noted that the petition is directed against a Judicial Magistrate who passed orders in his judicial capacity.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bench referred to the following paragraphs in the Supreme Court&#8217;s decision of <em><span style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">Anowar Hussain v. Ajoy Kumar Mukherjee,<\/span><\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/D468YW2p\"><span style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">1965 SCC OnLine SC 1<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">\u00a0in the context of provisions of Judicial Officers&#8217; Protection Act, 1850:<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 3\">\n<div class=\"section\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">9. In this appeal, the only question raised is that in ordering the arrest of the respondent the appellant acted in discharge of his judicial duties, and he was on that account protected by the Judicial Officers&#8217; Protection Act, 1850. Section 1 of the Act, in so far as it is material, provided:<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<blockquote><p>\u201cNo Judge, Magistrate, \u00b0 \u00b0 \u00b0 Collector or other person acting judicially shall be liable to be sued in any Civil Court for any act done or ordered to be done by him <span style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">in the discharge of his judicial duty, whether or not within the limits of his <\/span><span style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">jurisdiction: Provided that he at the time, in good faith, believed himself to have <\/span><span style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">jurisdiction to do or order the act complained of; \u00b0 \u00b0 \u00b0\u201d.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 4\">\n<div class=\"section\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">10. The statute is clearly intended to grant protection to Judicial Officers against suits in respect of acts done or ordered to be done by them in the discharge of their duties as <span style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">such officers. The statute it must be noticed protects a Judicial Officer only when he is <\/span><span style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">acting in his judicial capacity and not in any other capacity. But within the limits of its <\/span><span style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">operation it grants large protection to Judges and Magistrates acting in the discharge of <\/span><span style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">their judicial duties. If the act done or ordered to be done in the discharge of judicial <\/span><span style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">duties is within his jurisdiction, the protection is absolute and no enquiry will be <\/span><span style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">entertained whether the act done or ordered was erroneously, irregularly or even <\/span><span style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">illegally, or was done or ordered without believing in good faith, that he had jurisdiction <\/span><span style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">to do or order the act complained of. If the act done or ordered is not within the limits of <\/span><span style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">his jurisdiction, the Judicial Officer acting in the discharge of his judicial duties is still <\/span><span style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">protected, if at the time of doing or ordering the act complained of, he in good faith <\/span><span style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">believed himself to have jurisdiction to do or order the act. The expression \u201cjurisdiction\u201d does not mean the power to do or order the act impugned, but generally, the authority of the Judicial Officer to act in the matter <em>Tayen v. Ram Lal<\/em>, ILR 12 All 115.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Court also referred to Section 3(1) of the Judges (Protection) Act, 1985 which directs that no Court shall entertain any civil or criminal proceeding against any person who is or was a Judge for any act, thing or word committed, done or spoken by him, or in the course of, acting or purporting to act in the discharge of his official and judicial duty or function.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">On perusal of the above, it is apparent that the Sub-Divisional Judicial Magistrate was acting in the discharge of his judicial duty while passing the impugned orders.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hence, <span style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen-Sans, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">the actions of the Judge, stand protected by virtue of the Judges (Protection) Act, 1985 (subject to the provision of sub-section 2 of Section 3 of the Act of 1985).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Court also added to its analysis that,<\/p>\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 6\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">If in passing every wrong or illegal judicial order, the concerned Judge is sued before the higher judicial forum, it shall result in demoralising the judicial officers, particularly, at the adjudicating level, other than the public losing faith in the judiciary.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In view of the above-stated position, Court dismissed the petition with costs of Rs 10,000 to be recovered from the salary of petition and deposited with Assam State Legal Services Authority.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">While parting with the decision, Court added petitioner can challenge the impugned orders by virtue of the present petition before an appropriate forum, however without impleading Judicial Officer or the High Court. [Rahendra Baglari v. Sub-Divisional Judicial Magistrate,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/S59E4UN9\"> <b>2020 SCC OnLine Gau 3972<\/b><\/a>, decided on 15-09-2020]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gauhati High Court:\u00a0Ajai Lamba, CJ while addressing the present petition observed that, &#8220;&#8230;the protection available under the Judges (Protection) Act, 1985 is <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8808,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[43531,33037,43532],"class_list":["post-236067","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-judicial-capacity","tag-judicial-magistrate","tag-judicial-officers-protection-act"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Gau HC | Can a Judge be sued for any act done or ordered to be done by him in discharge of his judicial duty? 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