{"id":235907,"date":"2020-09-17T18:20:03","date_gmt":"2020-09-17T12:50:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=235907"},"modified":"2020-09-17T18:20:03","modified_gmt":"2020-09-17T12:50:03","slug":"kar-hc-though-shariat-permits-a-muslim-man-to-practise-polygamy-but-would-that-amount-to-cruelty-to-first-wife-hc-explains-concept-of-marital-cruelty","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2020\/09\/17\/kar-hc-though-shariat-permits-a-muslim-man-to-practise-polygamy-but-would-that-amount-to-cruelty-to-first-wife-hc-explains-concept-of-marital-cruelty\/","title":{"rendered":"Kar HC | Though Shariat permits a Muslim man to practise polygamy, but would that amount to cruelty to first wife? HC explains concept of Marital Cruelty"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Karnataka High Court:\u00a0<\/strong>A Division Bench of Krishna S. Dixit and P. Krishna Bhat, JJ., held that,<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">&#8220;Though contracting a second marriage by a Muslim may be lawful, but it more often than not causes enormous cruelty to the first wife justifying her claim for divorce.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The present appeal calls in question the Judgment and Decree whereby Family Court had dissolved the marriage between the husband and wife (respondent).<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\">Brief Facts<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Both the appellant and the respondent are Sunni Muslims. Respondent had filed a suit seeking a decree for dissolution of marriage on the grounds of cruelty and desertion alleging that she and her parents were manhandled by the appellant and his parents without any justification.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Further appellant contracted a second marriage with another lady when the respondent was carrying and that he had begotten a child from the said lady.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Appellant while defending the suit claim in addition to seeking a decree for the restitution of conjugal rights contending that he had always loved the respondent and contracted for the second marriage only because of the pressured mounted by his parents.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It was also added that Sheriat permits a Mohammaden to contract plural wives and such a conduct per se does not amount to cruelty, nor constitute a ground for opposing restitution of conjugal rights.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #333399;\">Analysis and Decision<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bench on perusal of the facts and submission declined to interfere in the matter.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The fact that the respondent-wife and her parents were manhandled by the husband&#8217;s parents has been supported by the evidentiary material and the very admission of the appellant himself.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #800000;\">It is a bounden duty of every husband to protect his wife in any circumstances.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In the present matter, what acts the appellant did, to protect his wife from the onslaught of his parents is neither pleaded nor proved; the contention that his parents are very influential &amp; powerful is too feeble a justification for allowing the poor wife to be tortured.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #800000;\">&#8220;&#8230;institution of marriage is founded inter alia on the mutual support and security of spouses; if the husband fails to protect his wife from his own violent parents, the very trust of the wife is shaken and therefore she is entitled to oppose restitution of conjugal rights, lest she should undergo the same ill-treatment.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #800080;\">Act of Second Marriage | Sheriat\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Further, the Court added that it is a matter of common knowledge that, women regardless of their religion and socio-economic conditions, detest their husbands contracting a second marriage; therefore, the proof of consent requires cogent evidence which is militantly lacking in this case.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Appellant&#8217;s plea that the Sheriat permits a Muslim to contract in marriage plural wives, may be legally true. Kerala High Court&#8217;s decision in <em>Shahulameedu v. Subaida Beevi,\u00a0<\/em>1970 K.L.T 4 has observed the right of a Muslim to practise polygamy under the Sheriat.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Section 2 of the Muslim Marriages Act, 1939<\/strong> recognizes the &#8216;cruelty of conduct&#8217; of the husband as a ground for the dissolution of marriage at the instance of aggrieved &#8216;woman married under Muslim law&#8217;.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #800080;\">Marital Cruelty<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Courts have emphasised that in the backdrop of spousal relationship, words, acts or conduct constituting cruelty are infinitely variable with the increasing complexities of modern life; no attempt at defining cruelty is likely to succeed, fully; merely because an act is lawful, it does not per se become justifiable in married life.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Though contracting a second marriage by a Muslim may be lawful, but it more often than not causes enormous cruelty to the first wife justifying her claim for divorce.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Privy Council in\u00a0<em>Moonshee Bazloor Ruheem v. Shamsunnissa Begum,\u00a0<\/em>(11 MIA 551) observed with regard to marital cruelty that,<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&#8220;Indian law does not recognize various types of cruelty such as &#8216;Muslim&#8217; cruelty, &#8216;Christian&#8217; cruelty, &#8216;Jewish&#8217; cruelty, and so on, and the test of cruelty is based on the universal and humanitarian standards, that is to say, conduct of the husband which would cause such bodily or mental pain as to endanger the wife&#8217;s safety or health. The onus today would be on the husband who takes a second wife to explain his action and prove that his taking a second wife involved no insult or cruelty to the first, and in the absence of cogent explanation the Court will presume under modern conditions that the action of the husband in taking a second wife involved cruelty to the first, and it would be inequitable for the Court to compel her against her wishes to live with such a husband.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Hence, in view of the above circumstances, the present appeal lacks merits and is liable to be rejected. [Yusufpatel v. Ramjanbi, MFA No. 201154 of 2018 (FC), decided on 17-08-2020]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Karnataka High Court:\u00a0A Division Bench of Krishna S. Dixit and P. Krishna Bhat, JJ., held that, &#8220;Though contracting a second marriage by <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8808,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[20061,2846,28334,29785,43498,43499,30908,43500],"class_list":["post-235907","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-dissolution-of-marriage","tag-divorce","tag-karnataka-high-court","tag-law","tag-marital-cruelty","tag-muslim-marriage","tag-second-marriage","tag-sheriat"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Kar HC | Though Shariat permits a Muslim man to practise polygamy, but would that amount to cruelty to first wife? 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Shaffique and Mary Joseph, JJ., granted a decree of divorce in favour of husband on the ground of cruelty by the wife. Decree for dissolution of marriage was sought by the petitioner but declined by Family Court and the same is in challenge.\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":64371,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2016\/08\/29\/past-acts-of-cruelty-after-condonation-are-not-a-ground-to-seek-divorce-unless-revived-by-later-acts-of-cruelty\/","url_meta":{"origin":235907,"position":1},"title":"Past acts of cruelty after condonation, are not a ground to seek divorce, unless revived by later acts of cruelty","author":"Saba","date":"August 29, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Delhi High Court: Hearing an appeal against the Family Court's order dismissing the appellant husband's petition for dissolution of marriage on grounds of cruelty, the Court observed that the law pertaining to cruelty is if by resuming cohabitation the spouse claiming victim of cruelty forgives the other spouse who commits\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":258799,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/12\/21\/quranic-injunctions-command-equal-treatment-of-wives-hc-holds-unequal-treatment-of-wives-is-sufficient-ground-to-grant-divorce\/","url_meta":{"origin":235907,"position":2},"title":"\u201cQuranic injunctions command equal treatment of wives\u201d; HC holds unequal treatment of wives is sufficient ground to grant divorce","author":"Editor","date":"December 21, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Kerala High Court: The Division Bench of A.Muhamed Mustaque and Sophy Thomas set aside the findings of Family Court wherein it had held rejected to grant divorce holding that providing maintenance is sufficient for husband to meet marital obligations. Opining that unequal treatment between wives is sufficient ground to dissolve\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":215522,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/06\/10\/utt-hc-non-disclosure-of-major-ailments-before-marriage-amounts-to-cruelty-although-the-aliments-itself-are-no-grounds-for-divorce-dissolution-of-marriage-upheld\/","url_meta":{"origin":235907,"position":3},"title":"Utt HC | Non-disclosure of major ailments before marriage amounts to \u2018cruelty\u2019 although the aliments itself are no grounds for divorce; dissolution of marriage upheld","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"June 10, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Uttaranchal High Court: A Division Bench of Sudhanshu Dhulia and Ramesh Chandra Khulbe, JJ. entertained an appeal by the appellant-wife under Section 19 of Family Courts Act, 1984 against the impugned judgment granting divorce passed by Principal Judge of Family Court. Facts giving rise to this appeal were, the respondent\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":235875,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2020\/09\/16\/tripura-hc-what-amounts-to-irretrievable-breakdown-of-marriage-hc-discusses-in-case-where-the-couple-lived-apart-for-13-continuous-years\/","url_meta":{"origin":235907,"position":4},"title":"Tripura HC | What amounts to irretrievable breakdown of marriage? HC discusses in a case where the couple lived apart for 13 continuous years","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"September 16, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Tripura High Court:\u00a0A Division Bench of S. Talapatra and S.G. Chattopadhyay, JJ., upheld the decision of the trial court and stated that the present matter is a case of an irretrievable breakdown of the marriage in light of cruelty and desertion. Cruelty & Desertion | Dissolution of Marriage Allegations of\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":219988,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/09\/26\/gau-hc-unproved-allegations-maligning-character-of-partner-amount-to-cruelty-as-contemplated-in-s-131ia-hma-divorce-decree-granted-to-husband\/","url_meta":{"origin":235907,"position":5},"title":"Gau HC | Unproved allegations maligning character of partner amount to cruelty as contemplated in S. 13(1)(ia) HMA; divorce decree granted to husband","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"September 26, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Gauhati High Court:\u00a0A Division Bench of Arup Kumar Goswami, Acting CJ and Manish Choudhary, J. allowed an appeal filed by the appellant-husband against the order of the Family Court whereby his petition under Sections 13(1)(ia)\u00a0and\u00a0(ib)\u00a0of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 seeking dissolution of his marriage with the respondent-wife was dismissed.\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/235907","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8808"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=235907"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/235907\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=235907"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=235907"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=235907"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}