{"id":235094,"date":"2020-08-31T12:06:51","date_gmt":"2020-08-31T06:36:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=235094"},"modified":"2020-11-29T17:47:26","modified_gmt":"2020-11-29T12:17:26","slug":"states-and-not-mci-have-power-to-make-reservation-for-in-service-candidates-in-post-graduate-medical-course-constitution-bench-holds","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2020\/08\/31\/states-and-not-mci-have-power-to-make-reservation-for-in-service-candidates-in-post-graduate-medical-course-constitution-bench-holds\/","title":{"rendered":"States, and not MCI, have power to make reservation for in-service candidates in Post Graduate Medical Course; Constitution bench holds"},"content":{"rendered":"

Supreme Court:<\/strong><\/span> The 5-judge Constitution bench of Arun Mishra, Indira Banerjee, Vineet Saran, MR Shah and Aniruddha Bose, JJ has held that the Medical Council of India has no power to make any reservation for in-service candidates in Post Graduate Medical Course in States and that\u00a0only States are allowed to grant the benefit of reservation of seats to in-service doctors in the National Eligibility cum Entrance Test (NEET) postgraduate degree courses<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Holding that States have the legislative competence and\/or authority to provide for a separate source of entry for in-service candidates seeking admission to postgraduate degree\/diploma courses, in exercise of powers under Entry 25, List III, the bench observed that<\/p>\n

\n

\u201c\u2026policy must provide that subsequent to obtaining the postgraduate degree by the concerned in-service doctors obtaining entry \u00a0in degree courses through such separate channel serve the State in the rural, tribal and hilly areas at least for five years after obtaining the degree\/diploma and for that they will execute bonds for\u00a0 such\u00a0 sum the\u00a0\u00a0 respective\u00a0 States\u00a0 may\u00a0\u00a0 consider\u00a0\u00a0 fit\u00a0 and\u00a0 proper\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

The Court, however, specifically\u00a0\u00a0 observed\u00a0\u00a0 and\u00a0\u00a0 clarified\u00a0\u00a0 that the present decision shall operate prospectively, and any admissions given earlier taking a contrary view shall not be affected by this judgment.<\/p>\n

KEY HIGHLIGHTS OF THE 242-PAGES LONG VERDICT<\/span><\/h3>\n

On the scope of \u201ccoordination and determination of standards\u201d under Entry 66 List I<\/span><\/h4>\n

Entry 66 List I is a specific entry having a very limited scope and only deals with \u201ccoordination and determination of standards\u201d in higher education. The term \u201ccoordination and determination of standards\u201d means\u00a0\u00a0 laying\u00a0\u00a0 down\u00a0\u00a0 the\u00a0\u00a0 said standards and therefore when it comes to prescribe the standards for such institutions of higher learning, exclusive domain is given to the Union.\u00a0 Further, it would not include conducting of examination etc. and admission of students to such institutions or prescribing the fee in these institutions of higher education, etc.<\/p>\n

\n

\u201cThus, in exercise of powers under Entry 66 List I, the Union cannot provide for anything with respect to reservation\/percentage of reservation and\/or even mode of admission within the State quota, which powers are conferred upon the States under Entry 25 of List III.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

On the scope of MCI\u2019s power to frame regulations with respect to reservation<\/span><\/h4>\n

The Medical\u00a0 Council\u00a0\u00a0 of\u00a0\u00a0 India which\u00a0 has\u00a0 been constituted\u00a0\u00a0 under\u00a0\u00a0 the\u00a0\u00a0 provisions\u00a0\u00a0 of\u00a0\u00a0 the\u00a0\u00a0 Indian Medical\u00a0\u00a0 Council\u00a0\u00a0 Act,\u00a0\u00a0 1956\u00a0\u00a0 is\u00a0\u00a0 the\u00a0\u00a0 creature\u00a0\u00a0 of\u00a0\u00a0 the statute\u00a0 in\u00a0 exercise\u00a0 of\u00a0 powers\u00a0 under\u00a0 Entry\u00a0 66 List\u00a0 I and\u00a0\u00a0 has\u00a0\u00a0 no\u00a0\u00a0 power\u00a0\u00a0 to\u00a0\u00a0 make\u00a0\u00a0 any\u00a0\u00a0 provision\u00a0\u00a0 for reservation,\u00a0\u00a0 more\u00a0\u00a0 particularly,\u00a0\u00a0 for\u00a0\u00a0 in-service \u00a0candidates\u00a0 by\u00a0\u00a0 the\u00a0\u00a0 concerned\u00a0 States,\u00a0\u00a0 in\u00a0\u00a0 exercise\u00a0 of powers under Entry 25 List III.<\/p>\n

Section 33 of the MCI Act does not confer any authority and\/or power to the MCI to frame the regulations with respect to reservation in the medical courses, more particularly, to provide for a separate source of entry for in-service\u00a0\u00a0 candidates\u00a0\u00a0 seeking\u00a0\u00a0 admission\u00a0\u00a0 to\u00a0\u00a0 postgraduate\u00a0\u00a0 degree courses, as sought to be contended on behalf of the MCI and counsel opposing for providing for a separate source of entry for in-service candidates.<\/p>\n

\n

\u201c\u2026 it cannot be said that the Medical Council of India would have any authority or jurisdiction to\u00a0\u00a0 frame\u00a0\u00a0 any\u00a0\u00a0 regulations\u00a0\u00a0 with\u00a0\u00a0 respect\u00a0\u00a0 to\u00a0\u00a0 reservation\u00a0\u00a0 and\/or making special provision like providing for a separate source of entry for in-service candidates seeking admission to postgraduate degree courses.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

On the validity of Regulation 9 of MCI Regulations, 2000<\/span><\/h4>\n

Regulation 9 of MCI Regulations, 2000 does not deal with and\/or make provisions for reservation and\/or affect the legislative competence and authority of the concerned States to make reservation and\/or make special provision like the provision providing for a separate source of entry for in-service candidates seeking admission to postgraduate degree courses and therefore the concerned States to be within their authority and\/or legislative competence to provide for a separate source of entry for in-service candidates seeking admission to postgraduate degree courses in exercise of powers under Entry 25 of List III.<\/p>\n

\n

\u201c\u2026if\u00a0\u00a0 it\u00a0\u00a0 is\u00a0\u00a0 held\u00a0\u00a0 that\u00a0\u00a0 Regulation\u00a0\u00a0 9,\u00a0\u00a0 more particularly, Regulation 9(IV) deals with reservation for\u00a0\u00a0 in-service\u00a0\u00a0 candidates,\u00a0\u00a0 in\u00a0\u00a0 that\u00a0\u00a0 case,\u00a0\u00a0 it\u00a0\u00a0 will\u00a0\u00a0 be ultra vires of the Indian Medical Council Act, 1956 and\u00a0\u00a0 it\u00a0\u00a0 will\u00a0\u00a0 be\u00a0\u00a0 beyond\u00a0\u00a0 the\u00a0\u00a0 legislative\u00a0\u00a0 competence under Entry 66 List I.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Regulation 9 of MCI Regulations, 2000 to the extent tinkering with reservation provided by the State for in-service candidates is ultra vires on the ground that it is arbitrary, discriminatory and violative of Articles 14 and 21 of the Constitution of India.<\/p>\n

On the need for in-service quota<\/span><\/h4>\n

There is a legitimate and rational basis in providing a separate channel\/source of entry for in-service candidates in order to encourage them to offer their services and expertise to the State. There is a sufficient nexus with the larger goal of equalization of educational opportunities and to sufficiently prefer the doctors serving in the various hospitals run and maintained out of public funds, in the absence of which there would be serious dearth of qualified Post-graduate doctors to meet the requirements of the common public.\u00a0 It is stated that the Government is facing public health crisis. The effective and competent medical treatment is not available in the rural and difficult areas.\u00a0 In-service doctors who pursue higher studies would naturally serve in rural and difficult areas if such incentive in the form of reservation is provided.<\/p>\n

\n

“The action of the State to provide for the in-service quota is in the discharge of its positive constitutional obligations to promote and provide better health care facilities for its citizens by upgrading the qualifications of the existing in-service doctors so that the citizens may get more specialized health care facility. Such action is in discharge of its constitutional obligations as provided in Article 47 of the Constitution of India, which is the corresponding fundamental right of the citizens protected under Article 21 of the Constitution of India.”<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

On State\u2019s power to provide in-service Quota<\/span><\/h4>\n

The power of the State under Entry 6, List II of Schedule VII to legislate in the subject matter of public health and hospital is exclusive. When the State provides a separate source of admission for in-service doctors as a distinct class and within the State quota and the object is laudable, the State is within its power to provide such separate source of admission in exercise of the powers under Entry 25 List III, read with Entry 6, List II.\u00a0 It cannot be said that there is no nexus with the laudable object of meeting the requirement of qualified postgraduate doctors for the public health services, more particularly, in the rural, tribal and difficult areas.\u00a0 As such, there is no conflict between the power of the Union and the State.<\/p>\n

\u00a0The occupied field of Union legislation in exercise of power under Entry 66, List I is related to minimum standards of medical education and the State\u00a0\u00a0 is\u00a0\u00a0 providing the in-service quota without impinging the prescribed minimum standards.<\/p>\n

\u201cState is within its power and authority to provide such a preferential treatment to provide a better public health in the rural, tribal and hilly areas.\u201d<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

[TN Medical Officers Association v. Union of India, 2020 SCC OnLine SC 699<\/b><\/a>, decided on 31.08.2020]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Supreme Court: The 5-judge Constitution bench of Arun Mishra, Indira Banerjee, Vineet Saran, MR Shah and Aniruddha Bose, JJ has held that <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121,"featured_media":154914,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,38282],"tags":[43299,2843,43298,4831,2672],"class_list":["post-235094","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-decisions-of-the-constitution-benches-of-the-supreme-court","tag-in-service-quota","tag-MCI","tag-medical-cources","tag-neet","tag-reservation"],"yoast_head":"\nStates, and not MCI, have power to make reservation for in-service candidates in Post Graduate Medical Course; Constitution bench holds | SCC Times<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2020\/08\/31\/states-and-not-mci-have-power-to-make-reservation-for-in-service-candidates-in-post-graduate-medical-course-constitution-bench-holds\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"States, and not MCI, have power to make reservation for in-service candidates in Post Graduate Medical Course; 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Nageswara Rao, Hemant Gupta and Ajay Rastogi, JJ has directed that that there will be no reservation in Super Specialty Medical Courses to in-service doctors for the academic year 2020-2021. The direction reads, \u201c\u2026 the counselling for admission to Super Specialty Medical Courses\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":254591,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/09\/23\/madhya-pradesh-medical-admission-rules\/","url_meta":{"origin":235094,"position":1},"title":"MP HC | Rule 2(13) read with Entry 3 and 4 of Schedule I of the Madhya Pradesh Medical Admission Rules, 2018 violative of Articles 14 and 19(1)(g) of the Constitution? Court explains in writ filed by Private Universities","author":"Editor","date":"September 23, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Madhya Pradesh High Court: The Division Bench of Mohammad Rafiq, CJ. and Vijay Kumar Shukla, J., heard a writ petition which was filed Association of Private Universities, Madhya Pradesh and Shri J.N. Chouksey, Chairman & Chancellor of one such Private University, challenging constitutional validity of Rule 2(13) read with Entry\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":260155,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/01\/15\/difficult-areas-vis-a-vis-difficult-services\/","url_meta":{"origin":235094,"position":2},"title":"MP HC |\u00a0Difficult Areas vis-a-vis Difficult Services, Issues of reservation and incentive marks; HC puts an end to the battle \u00a0between Doctors and State","author":"Editor","date":"January 15, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Madhya Pradesh High Court: The Division Bench comprising of Sujoy Paul and Arun Kumar Sharma, JJ., held that the Demonstrators and Tutors working in cities\/urban areas are to be treated as \u2018in-service candidates\u2019 as neither the relevant order nor the rule precludes the Medical Officers working in urban areas or\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":132301,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2017\/05\/19\/gujarat-to-give-50-reservation-to-in-service-medical-candidates-for-pg-courses-in-the-second-round-of-counselling-starting-tomorrow\/","url_meta":{"origin":235094,"position":3},"title":"Gujarat to give 50% reservation to in-service medical candidates for PG Courses in the second round of counselling starting tomorrow","author":"Prachi Bhardwaj","date":"May 19, 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court: The bench of Dipak Misra and A.M. Khanwilkar, JJ directed the State of Gujarat\u00a0to give 50 per cent reservation to the in-service candidates for admission to post-graduate medical diploma courses as per the regulations of the Medical Council of India. The reservation is to be granted in the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Hot Off The Press"","block_context":{"text":"Hot Off The Press","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/news\/hot_off_the_press\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":228856,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2020\/04\/29\/uniform-neet-for-admission-to-medical-dental-courses-does-not-violate-rights-of-the-unaided-aided-minority-institutions\/","url_meta":{"origin":235094,"position":4},"title":"Uniform NEET for admission to Medical & Dental courses does not violate rights of the unaided\/aided minority institutions","author":"Prachi Bhardwaj","date":"April 29, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court: The 3-judge bench of Arun Mishra, Vineet Saran and MR Shah, JJ has held that prescribing uniform examination of NEET for admissions in the graduate and postgraduate professional courses of medical as well as dental science is not in violation of the rights of the unaided\/aided minority to\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":299778,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/08\/21\/madras-hc-pg-medical-admissions-grant-incentive-marks-service-candidates-open-category\/","url_meta":{"origin":235094,"position":5},"title":"Explained | Madras HC verdict on PG medical admissions concerning grant of incentive marks to in-service candidates in open category","author":"Apoorva","date":"August 21, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"The very purpose and object of giving weightage to in service candidates who have served in rural, remote or hilly areas, is to overcome the disadvantage they suffered because of working in such difficult conditions and to enable them to compete with the candidates who have directly, after their MBBS\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"madras high 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