{"id":233887,"date":"2020-08-13T17:45:07","date_gmt":"2020-08-13T12:15:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=233887"},"modified":"2020-08-14T10:47:57","modified_gmt":"2020-08-14T05:17:57","slug":"cal-hc-plea-of-absolute-privilege-protects-a-statement-in-civil-defamation-however-false-and-defamatory-it-may-be-even-though-made-with-malicious-motive","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2020\/08\/13\/cal-hc-plea-of-absolute-privilege-protects-a-statement-in-civil-defamation-however-false-and-defamatory-it-may-be-even-though-made-with-malicious-motive\/","title":{"rendered":"Cal HC | Plea of absolute privilege protects a statement in civil defamation, however false and defamatory it may be, even though made with malicious motive"},"content":{"rendered":"

Calcutta High Court:\u00a0<\/strong>Debangsu Basak, J., while addressing a matter with regard to defamation, observed that<\/p>\n

“in a civil action for defamation, the plea of absolute privilege protects a statement as no action would lie for it, however false and defamatory it may be, even though, it was made maliciously and with an improper motive.”<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Plaintiff claimed that the defendant made a statement in an application seeking divorce from his wife which allegedly is defamatory.<\/p>\n

Defendant submits that the cause of action of the plaintiff is barred by law.<\/p>\n

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Further, he states that a civil action for defamation does not lie in respect of a statement made in a pleading filed in a judicial proceeding.<\/p>\n

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Advocates Dipak Prahladka and Aindrila De appearing for the plaintiff submitted that the plaintiff was married to the elder sister of the defendants’ wife.<\/p>\n

Defendant and his wife stayed at a rented flat in Mumbai. After a few months, wife of the defendant left the defendant and came to Allahabad. After a few days, the <\/span>wife of the defendant along with her mother went to Mumbai where they were informed that the defendant left the flat. Hence they returned to Allahabad.<\/span><\/p>\n

Defendant after a few weeks filed a petition under Section 11 and 12(1-b) read with Section 12 (1-d) of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 before the Family Court, Ranchi praying for an order of decree of declaration of marriage to be null and void.<\/p>\n

Later, the wife lodged a complaint against the defendant under Sections 498A, 406, 313, 323, 504, 506 of the Penal Code, 1860 and Section 3 and 4 of the Domestic Violence Act.<\/p>\n

Due to the above-said police complaint, family court had issued summons to the plaintiff for settlement of issues in the divorce petition. The divorce petition contained defamatory statements.<\/p>\n

Plaintiff advocate submitted that the civil defamation part is yet to be codified.<\/p>\n

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A statement once made in a pleading filed before a court of law, is a publication of such statement. Such a statement does not enjoy absolute privilege.<\/p>\n

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Plaintiff sought a decree of Rs 10 crores against the defendant.<\/p>\n

The cause of action of the plaintiff was based on the statements claimed to be defamatory in nature, made by the defendant in a proceeding in which the defendant sought a decree of divorce against his wife.<\/p>\n

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Laws of defamation recognises that statements made in public can be protected from prosecution in a Court of law under certain circumstances. Absolute privilege attaches to public statements made in certain circumstances.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Defamation<\/span><\/p>\n

In India, defamation gives rise to two types of liabilities — the civil side and one on the criminal side. <\/span><\/p>\n

On the criminal side, the liability for defamatory statements is governed by Sections 499 and 500 of the Penal Code, 1860. <\/span>However, there is no statute governing the civil liability of a defamatory statement.<\/span><\/p>\n

Plea of Absolute Privilege<\/span><\/p>\n

Further, in a civil action for defamation, the plea of absolute privilege has been held to be a good defence. Absolute privilege protects a statement as no action would lie for it, however false and defamatory it may be, even though, it was made maliciously and with an improper motive.<\/span><\/p>\n

For the plaintiff’s application claiming that the defendant is guilty of perjury, defendant tendered an unqualified apology for making the wrong statement and the Court accepted the same. [Atul Kumar Pandey v. Kumar Avinash,\u00a0 2020 SCC OnLine Cal 994<\/b><\/a>, decided on 17-06-2020]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Calcutta High Court:\u00a0Debangsu Basak, J., while addressing a matter with regard to defamation, observed that “in a civil action for defamation, the <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8808,"featured_media":52131,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[43082,12171,43081,14761,2812,2846,33452,38029,35745,33123],"class_list":["post-233887","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-absolute-privilege","tag-cause-of-action","tag-civil-defamation","tag-criminal-defamation","tag-defamation","tag-divorce","tag-liabilities","tag-perjury","tag-section-499-ipc","tag-section-500-ipc"],"yoast_head":"\nCal HC | Plea of absolute privilege protects a statement in civil defamation, however false and defamatory it may be, even though made with malicious 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