{"id":233415,"date":"2020-08-05T17:04:33","date_gmt":"2020-08-05T11:34:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=233415"},"modified":"2020-08-07T11:01:13","modified_gmt":"2020-08-07T05:31:13","slug":"5-judge-bench-to-hear-pleas-challenging-centres-decision-to-grant-10-quota-to-ewss-in-jobs-and-admissions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2020\/08\/05\/5-judge-bench-to-hear-pleas-challenging-centres-decision-to-grant-10-quota-to-ewss-in-jobs-and-admissions\/","title":{"rendered":"5-judge bench to hear pleas challenging Centre&#8217;s decision to grant 10% quota to EWSs in jobs and admissions"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Supreme Court:\u00a0<\/strong>A 3-judge bench of SA Bobde, CJ and R. Subhash Reddy and BR Gavai, JJ has referred to a 5-judge Constitution Bench pleas <strong>challenging <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/11\/29\/ews-benefits-for-economically-weaker-sections\/\">the Constitution (One Hundred and Third Amendment) Act, 2019<\/a><\/strong> which provides for grant of 10% quota to Economically Weaker Sections (EWSs) in jobs and admissions in the general category. The bench said that a larger bench will decide the pleas filed by 35 petitioners challenging Centre\u2019s decision.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201cfor the purpose of deciding any case involving a substantial question of law as to interpretation of the Constitution it is to be heard by a Bench of five Judges.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">By virtue of Article 15(6) of the Constitution, States are empowered to make a special provision for the advancement of any economically weaker sections of citizens other than the classes mentioned in clauses (4) and (5) and to make a special provision relating to their admission to educational institutions including private educational institutions, whether aided or unaided by the State, other than the minority educational institutions referred to in clause (1) of Article 30, in addition to existing reservations and subject to a maximum of ten per cent of the total seats in each category. Similarly, Article 16(6) empowers the State to make any provision for the reservation of appointments or posts in favour of any economically weaker sections of citizens other than the classes mentioned in clause (4), in addition to the existing reservation and subject to a maximum of ten per cent of the posts in each category.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It is the case of the petitioners Janhit Abhiyan, an NGO, that the <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong><em>impugned amendments violate the basic structure of the Constitution mainly on the ground that the existing provisions of the Constitution empower to provide affirmative action only in favour of socially backward classes<\/em><\/strong><\/span>. It is for the first time that by the impugned amendments in the Constitution itself the new clauses are incorporated enabling the State to provide affirmative action by way of reservation to the extent of 10% in educational institutions and for appointment in services to economically weaker sections of society. The Petitioners have argued that <strong><em>the economic criteria alone cannot be the basis to determine backwardness<\/em><\/strong> as per the 9-Judge Bench judgment of this Court in the case of <strong><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Indira Sawhney v. Union of India<\/span>,<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/lZQIy0uP\">(1992) 3 SCC 217<\/a><\/strong>. It is also the case of the petitioners that exceeding the ceiling cap of 50% is also in violation of the very same judgment of this Court.The quota will be over and above the existing 50 per cent reservation to Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Classes (OBCs).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It has further been argued that by virtue of the impugned amendments, very Constitution is amended by inserting new clauses in Articles 15 and 16 thereof, which empower the State to make reservations by way of affirmative action to the extent of 10% to economically weaker sections<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201cthe very amendments run contrary to the constitutional scheme, and no segment of available seats\/posts can be reserved, only on the basis of economic criterion.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">After considering the submissions of the petitioner, the Court said that <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong><em>such questions do constitute substantial questions of law to be considered by a Bench of five Judges<\/em><\/strong><\/span>. It is clear from the language of Article 145(3) of the Constitution and Order XXXVIII Rule 1(1) of the Supreme Court Rules, 2013, the matters which involve substantial questions of law as to interpretation of constitutional provisions they are required to be heard a Bench of five Judges.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201cWhether the impugned Amendment Act violates basic structure of the Constitution, by applying the tests of \u2018width\u2019 and \u2018identity\u2019 with reference to equality provisions of the Constitution, is a matter which constitutes substantial question of law within the meaning of the provisions as referred above.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Court also took note of the submission of the Union of India <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong><em>that though ordinarily 50% is the rule but same will not prevent to amend the Constitution itself in view of the existing special circumstances to uplift the members of the society belonging to economically weaker sections<\/em><\/strong><\/span>. The Court noticed that even such questions also constitute as substantial questions of law to be examined by a Bench of five Judges as per Article 145(3) of the Constitution read with Order XXXVIII Rule 1(1) of the Supreme Court of Rules, 2013.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">[Janhit Abhiyan v. Union of India, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/70IyG16M\"><b>2020 SCC OnLine SC 624<\/b><\/a> , decided on 05.08.2020]<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><strong><span style=\"color: #000080;\">SCC Online is now on Telegram and Instagram. Join our channel\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/scconline\">@scconline<\/a>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #000080;\">on Telegram and<\/span>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/scconline_\/\">@scconline_<\/a>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #000080;\">on Instagram and stay updated with the latest legal news from within and outside India<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court:\u00a0A 3-judge bench of SA Bobde, CJ and R. Subhash Reddy and BR Gavai, JJ has referred to a 5-judge Constitution <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121,"featured_media":154914,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,9],"tags":[38574,42957,2672,42958,42959],"class_list":["post-233415","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-supremecourt","tag-economically-weaker-sections","tag-ewss","tag-reservation","tag-socially-backward","tag-the-constitution-one-hundred-and-third-amendment-act"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>5-judge bench to hear pleas challenging Centre&#039;s decision to grant 10% quota to EWSs in jobs and admissions | SCC Times<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2020\/08\/05\/5-judge-bench-to-hear-pleas-challenging-centres-decision-to-grant-10-quota-to-ewss-in-jobs-and-admissions\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"5-judge bench to hear pleas challenging Centre&#039;s decision to grant 10% quota to EWSs in jobs and admissions\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Supreme Court:\u00a0A 3-judge bench of SA Bobde, CJ and R. 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Bench","author":"Prachi Bhardwaj","date":"March 11, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court: The 3-judge bench of CJI Ranjan Gogoi and Deepak Gupta and Sanjiv Khanna, JJ refused to pass any order on whether the issue of 10 per cent reservation for economically weaker sections across all classes will be referred to a Constitution bench. It said it will hear the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Hot Off The Press&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Hot Off The Press","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/news\/hot_off_the_press\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":235158,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2020\/09\/01\/supreme-court-monthly-roundup-august-2020\/","url_meta":{"origin":233415,"position":1},"title":"Supreme Court Monthly Roundup \u2013 August 2020","author":"Prachi Bhardwaj","date":"September 1, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"CONSTITUTION BENCH Accused under NDPS Act not entitled to acquittal as a blanket rule merely because the complainant is the investigating officer \u201c\u2026 merely because the informant is the investigator, by that itself the investigation would not suffer the vice of unfairness or bias and therefore on the sole ground\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Supreme-Court_1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Supreme-Court_1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Supreme-Court_1.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Supreme-Court_1.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Supreme-Court_1.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":222641,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/11\/29\/ews-benefits-for-economically-weaker-sections\/","url_meta":{"origin":233415,"position":2},"title":"EWS | Benefits for Economically Weaker Sections","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"November 29, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"In pursuance of insertion of clauses 15(6) and 16(6) in the Constitution, vide the Constitution (One Hundred and Third Amendment) Act, 2019 and in order to enable the EWSs, who are not covered under the existing scheme of reservations for the Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Tribes and the Socially and\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Hot Off The Press&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Hot Off The Press","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/news\/hot_off_the_press\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":208778,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/01\/25\/10-reservation-to-economically-backward-candidates-from-general-category-sc-issues-notice-to-centre\/","url_meta":{"origin":233415,"position":3},"title":"10% reservation to economically backward candidates from general category: SC issues notice to Centre","author":"Prachi Bhardwaj","date":"January 25, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court:\u00a0Agreeing to examine the Centre's decision to grant 10 % reservation in jobs and education to poor candidates belonging to general category, the bench of Ranjan Gogoi, CJ and Sanjiv Khanna, J\u00a0issued notice to the Central Government returnable within 4 weeks. The Court, however, did not stay the operation\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Hot Off The Press&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Hot Off The Press","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/news\/hot_off_the_press\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":226435,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2020\/03\/02\/article-370-heres-why-the-5-judge-bench-refused-to-refer-the-pleas-challenging-the-abrogation-of-article-370-to-a-larger-bench\/","url_meta":{"origin":233415,"position":4},"title":"Article 370| Here&#8217;s why the 5-judge bench refused to refer the pleas challenging the abrogation of Article 370 to a larger bench","author":"Prachi Bhardwaj","date":"March 2, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court: The 5-judge Constitution bench of NV Ramana, SK Kaul, R. Subhash Reddy, BR Gavai and Surya Kant, JJ has refused to refer the petitions challenging the constitutional validity of the Centre\u2019s move to abrogate Article 370 to a larger bench. The Court was hearing the limited issue regarding\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":290049,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/04\/19\/legal-analysis-of-recent-judgments-on-reservation-policies-in-india-legal-research-legal-news-updates\/","url_meta":{"origin":233415,"position":5},"title":"Reservation Policies in India","author":"Apoorva","date":"April 19, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Reservation as a concept is very wide. Different people understand reservation to mean different things. One view of reservation as a generic concept is that reservation is an anti-poverty measure. There is a different view which says that reservation is merely providing a right of access and that it is\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Law made Easy&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Law made Easy","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/law-made-easy\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"judgments on reservation policies in india","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/judgments-on-reservation-policies-in-india.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/judgments-on-reservation-policies-in-india.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/judgments-on-reservation-policies-in-india.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/judgments-on-reservation-policies-in-india.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/233415","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/121"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=233415"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/233415\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/154914"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=233415"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=233415"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=233415"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}