{"id":223728,"date":"2020-01-01T12:18:42","date_gmt":"2020-01-01T06:48:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=223728"},"modified":"2020-01-08T17:06:58","modified_gmt":"2020-01-08T11:36:58","slug":"cal-hc-common-intention-under-s-34-ipc-is-a-species-of-constructive-liability-not-to-be-confused-with-similar-intention","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2020\/01\/01\/cal-hc-common-intention-under-s-34-ipc-is-a-species-of-constructive-liability-not-to-be-confused-with-similar-intention\/","title":{"rendered":"Cal HC | Common intention under S. 34 IPC is a species of constructive liability, not to be confused with similar intention"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Calcutta High Court:\u00a0<\/strong>A Division Bench of Joymalya Baghi and Suvra Ghosh, JJ., partly allowed a criminal appeal against the order of the trial court and thereby acquitted two out of six appellants who were convicted under Section 302\u00a0<em>(punishment for murder)\u00a0<\/em>and Section 109\u00a0<em>(punishment of abetment if the act abetted is committed in consequence and where no express provision is made for its punishment)\u00a0<\/em>read with Section 34\u00a0<em>(acts done by several persons in furtherance of common intention)\u00a0<\/em>IPC.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In all, six accused were convicted and sentenced for murdering the deceased after a dispute over catching of fish. All of them appealed against the decision of the trial court. The High Court, considering the on record, was convinced that the involvement of four out of six said appellants was proved by the prosecution beyond a reasonable doubt. Consequently, the appeal qua those four appellants were dismissed and their conviction and sentence as awarded by the trial court were upheld. However, as regards the remaining two appellants, the High Court was of the opinion that they deserve to be given benefit of doubt.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Notably, the two remaining appellants, unlike others, were not found at the scene of the crime. However, alleged the prosecution, that they too shared the common intention with other appellants to commit the murder of the deceased.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Regarding &#8220;common intention&#8221; under Section 34, the Court explained thus:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>&#8220;Common intention under Section 34 IPC is a species of constructive liability which renders every member of a group who shares such intention responsible for the criminal act committed by anyone of them when such an act is done in furtherance of the common intention.Common intention, however, cannot be confused with similar intention.&#8221;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It was further observed:\u00a0<strong>&#8220;Although accused persons may have similar intention to commit a crime, say murder, until and unless the pre-requisites of:(a) pre-consent, (b) presence and (c) participation, in respect of each accused are established, it cannot be said that they shared common intention and be culpable for the crime committed by any of them in furtherance to such intention.&#8221;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Coming back to the instant case, the Court was of the view that although there was some evidence that the two appellants had enmity with the deceased and tried to obstruct prosecution witnesses from going to the police station, there was no evidence on record that they were present at the place of occurrence and participated in the assault and murder of the victim with other appellants.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In such view of the matter, the High Court quashed the conviction and sentence awarded to the two appellants by the trial court. [Jagan Gope v. State of W.B., <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/490zVX34\"><b>2019 SCC OnLine Cal 5589<\/b><\/a>, decided on 16-12-2019]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Calcutta High Court:\u00a0A Division Bench of Joymalya Baghi and Suvra Ghosh, JJ., partly allowed a criminal appeal against the order of the <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8808,"featured_media":52131,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[31591,30638,30934],"class_list":["post-223728","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-common-intention","tag-constructive-liability","tag-section-34-ipc"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ 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Supreme Court said that gunshots fired indiscriminately could be said to be a criminal act done by several persons in furtherance of the common intention of all.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/photo_2023-10-02-11.20.48.jpeg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/photo_2023-10-02-11.20.48.jpeg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/photo_2023-10-02-11.20.48.jpeg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/photo_2023-10-02-11.20.48.jpeg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 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Court: A Single Judge Bench comprising of Anu Malhotra, J., allowed a criminal petition filed against the judgment of the trial court wherein the appellant was convicted under Sections 392 and 397 IPC along with Section 27 of Arms Act. The appellant was alleged to have robbed the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":259800,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/01\/10\/a-team-effort-akin-to-a-game-of-football-supreme-courts-interesting-analogy-explaining-section-34-of-ipc\/","url_meta":{"origin":223728,"position":3},"title":"&#8220;A team effort akin to a game of football&#8230;&#8221;; Supreme Court&#8217;s interesting analogy explaining Section 34 of IPC","author":"Prachi Bhardwaj","date":"January 10, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court: Drawing an interesting analogy to explain the scope of Section 34 of IPC, the bench of Sanjay Kishan Kaul and MM Sundresh*, JJ has said that it is a team effort akin to a game of football involving several positions manned by many, such as defender, mid-fielder, striker,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/sc-2-7.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/sc-2-7.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/sc-2-7.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/sc-2-7.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/sc-2-7.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":223670,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/12\/30\/cal-hc-knowledge-of-commission-of-dacoity-necessary-to-attract-penal-liability-for-harbouring-dacoits-under-s-216-a-ipc\/","url_meta":{"origin":223728,"position":4},"title":"Cal HC | Knowledge of commission of dacoity necessary to attract penal liability for harbouring dacoits under S. 216-A IPC","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"December 30, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Calcutta High Court:\u00a0A Division Bench of Joymalya Bagchi and Ravi Krishan Kapur, JJ. allowed an appeal filed against the order of the trial court whereby the appellant was convicted for committing the offence of criminal conspiracy punishable under Section 120-B IPC, and also under Section 216-A IPC for harbouring robbers\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/calcutta-court.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/calcutta-court.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/calcutta-court.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/calcutta-court.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/calcutta-court.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":336910,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/12\/10\/sc-upholds-life-term-udf-sympathizer-2006-murder-ldf-worker\/","url_meta":{"origin":223728,"position":5},"title":"\u2018Use of lethal weapon and precise targeting of vital organs establish intent for murder\u2019; SC upholds UDF sympathizer\u2019s life term in 2006 LDF worker murder case","author":"Apoorva","date":"December 10, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cThe nature and location of the injuries inflicted, the choice of weapon, and the circumstances of the attack unequivocally establish the liability of the convict for causing the death of the deceased.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"LDF worker 2006 murder","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/LDF-worker-2006-murder.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/LDF-worker-2006-murder.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/LDF-worker-2006-murder.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/LDF-worker-2006-murder.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/223728","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8808"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=223728"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/223728\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/52131"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=223728"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=223728"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=223728"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}