{"id":222521,"date":"2019-11-26T11:00:59","date_gmt":"2019-11-26T05:30:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=222521"},"modified":"2019-12-05T13:27:42","modified_gmt":"2019-12-05T07:57:42","slug":"uk-sc-employment-rights-act-1966-should-be-read-and-given-effect-so-as-to-extend-its-whistle-blowing-protection-to-the-holders-of-judicial-office","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/11\/26\/uk-sc-employment-rights-act-1966-should-be-read-and-given-effect-so-as-to-extend-its-whistle-blowing-protection-to-the-holders-of-judicial-office\/","title":{"rendered":"UK SC | Employment Rights Act, 1966 should be read and given effect so as to extend its whistle blowing protection to the holders of judicial office"},"content":{"rendered":"

United Kingdom<\/strong> Supreme Court: <\/strong>A Full Bench of Lady Hale (President), Lord Kerr, Lord Carnwath, Lady Arden and Sir Declan Morgan, JJ. Allowed the appeal and remitted the case to Employment Tribunal on the basis that the appellant is entitled to claim the protection of Part IVA of the Employment Rights Act, 1966.<\/p>\n

In the instant case, the appellant was appointed as a District Judge. Initially, she was to sit at each of the county courts on the Wales and Chester circuit but she was transferred elsewhere and major cost-cutting reforms were announced. The appellant raised a number of concerns relating to the cuts, in particular about the lack of appropriate and secure courtroom accommodation, the severely increased workload placed upon the district judges, and administrative failures. She raised these with the local leadership judges and senior managers in Her Majesty\u2019s Courts and Tribunals Service and eventually in a formal grievance. The appellant claims that she was subjected to a number of detriments as a result of her complaints: a significant delay in investigating her grievance; being seriously bullied, ignored and undermined by her fellow judges and court staff; and inadequate steps to support her in returning to work. Hence, she approached the court to provide Judges with whistle blowers protection under the Employment Rights Act, 1996.<\/p>\n

The issue was whether a district judge qualifies as a \u201cworker\u201d or a \u201cperson in Crown employment\u201d for the purpose of the protection given to whistle-blowers under Part IVA of the Employment Rights Act 1996. If a district judge does not qualify for whistle-blower protection, the further question is whether this is discrimination against her in the enjoyment of her right to freedom of expression under the European Convention on Human Rights.<\/p>\n

The respondent argued that the appellant doesn\u2019t fall within the ambit of \u201cworker\u201d as the 1996 Act as there was no contract of employment involved with the Judges. The court held that Office-holders do not necessarily hold office pursuant to any kind of contract.<\/p>\n

Regarding the matter of Crown employment, the court stated that section 83(2) and (9) of the Equality Act 2010, defines \u201cemployment\u201d as covering \u201cCrown employment\u201d as defined in section 191 of the 1996 Act.<\/p>\n

The appellant also argued that the failure to extend the protection of Part IVA to judicial office-holders is a violation of her rights under article 14 of the ECHR.<\/p>\n

The Court held that there is no evidence at all that either the executive or Parliament addressed their minds to the exclusion of the judiciary from the protection of Part IVA. Therefore, the court concluded that there was a violation of the right to freedom of expression and the Employment Rights Act should be read and given effect so as to extend its whistle-blowing protection to the holders of judicial office. [Gilham v. Ministry of Justice, [2019] 1 WLR 5905<\/a>, decided on 16-10-2019]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

United Kingdom Supreme Court: A Full Bench of Lady Hale (President), Lord Kerr, Lord Carnwath, Lady Arden and Sir Declan Morgan, JJ. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8808,"featured_media":56741,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,12],"tags":[38479,38477,38478,38475,38476,38474],"class_list":["post-222521","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-foreigncourts","tag-crown-employment","tag-employment-rights-act","tag-equality-act-2010","tag-judicial-office","tag-whistle-blowers","tag-whistle-blowing-protection"],"yoast_head":"\nUK SC | Employment Rights Act, 1966 should be read and given effect so as to extend its whistle blowing protection to the holders of judicial office | SCC Times<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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SC decides","author":"Editor","date":"February 20, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"United Kingdom Supreme Court: A Full Bench of Lord Reed (President), Lord Hodge (Deputy President), Lady Arden, Lord Kitchin, Lord Sales, Lord Hamblen and Lord Leggatt dismissed the appeal finding no reason to interfere with the impugned decision of the Employment Tribunal. Background The facts of the case are such\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/DSC_7472-2-e1476682323502.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/DSC_7472-2-e1476682323502.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/DSC_7472-2-e1476682323502.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/DSC_7472-2-e1476682323502.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/DSC_7472-2-e1476682323502.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":246045,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/03\/24\/uk-the-employment-rights-act-1996-protection-from-detriment-in-health-and-safety-cases-amendment-order-2021\/","url_meta":{"origin":222521,"position":1},"title":"UK | The Employment Rights Act 1996 (Protection from Detriment in Health and Safety Cases) (Amendment) Order, 2021","author":"Prachi Bhardwaj","date":"March 24, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"The UK Government has issued the Employment Rights Act 1996 (Protection from Detriment in Health and Safety Cases) (Amendment) Order 2021 extending the health and safety detriment protection to workers. The Employment Rights Act, 1966 protects employees against detriment (e.g., disciplinary action or suspension of pay) and discharge as a\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Legislation Updates"","block_context":{"text":"Legislation Updates","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/legislationupdates\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/MicrosoftTeams-image-25.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/MicrosoftTeams-image-25.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/MicrosoftTeams-image-25.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/MicrosoftTeams-image-25.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/MicrosoftTeams-image-25.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":205428,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/11\/17\/financially-independent-means-not-financially-dependent-upon-the-state-financial-dependence-cannot-discredit-the-immigration-status-uk-supreme-court\/","url_meta":{"origin":222521,"position":2},"title":"UK SC | Financially independent means \u201cnot financially dependent upon the state”; financial dependence cannot discredit the immigration status","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"November 17, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"United Kingdom Supreme Court: A Five Judge Bench comprising of Lord Wilson, Lord Carnwath, Lord Hughes, Lady Black and Lord Lloyd-Jones, JJ. inferred the meaning of financially independent which means \u201cnot financially dependent upon the state\u201d. The appellant was residing in United Kingdom with her friend who she took care\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/DSC_7472-2-e1476682323502.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/DSC_7472-2-e1476682323502.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/DSC_7472-2-e1476682323502.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/DSC_7472-2-e1476682323502.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/DSC_7472-2-e1476682323502.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":88981,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2016\/12\/01\/whistleblowers-must-not-be-penalized-for-exposing-corruption\/","url_meta":{"origin":222521,"position":3},"title":"Whistle blowers must not be penalized for exposing corruption","author":"Saba","date":"December 1, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"Central Information Commission (CIC):\u00a0\u201cNo person or a public servant who has made a disclosure under the Whistle Blowers Protection Act, 2014, can be victimised by initiation of any proceedings against him or otherwise merely on the ground that such person or a public servant had made a disclosure or rendered\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/central_information_commission.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/central_information_commission.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/central_information_commission.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/central_information_commission.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/central_information_commission.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":297357,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/07\/20\/hiv-positive-patients-can-neither-denied-employment-nor-promotion-allahabad-high-court\/","url_meta":{"origin":222521,"position":4},"title":"HIV positive patients can neither be denied employment nor promotion in employment: Allahabad High Court","author":"Apoorva","date":"July 20, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"HIV\/AIDS patients have a right of equal treatment everywhere and they cannot be denied job opportunity or discriminated against in employment matters.","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"allahabad high court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/allahabad-high-court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/allahabad-high-court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/allahabad-high-court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/allahabad-high-court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":222814,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/12\/04\/uk-sc-compensation-of-2-million-awarded-to-inventor-of-glucose-testing-kit-holding-that-patent-covering-technology-was-of-outstanding-benefit-to-his-employer\/","url_meta":{"origin":222521,"position":5},"title":"UK SC | Compensation of \u00a32 million awarded to inventor of glucose testing kit, holding that patent covering technology was of \u201coutstanding benefit\u201d to his employer","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"December 4, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court of United Kingdom: Full Bench of Lady Hale (President), Lord Reed (Deputy President), Lord Hodge, Lady Black and Lord Kitchin, JJ., examined the considerations to be taken into account when deciding whether it is appropriate to award compensation to an employee for an invention made during employment. The\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/DSC_7472-2-e1476682323502.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/DSC_7472-2-e1476682323502.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/DSC_7472-2-e1476682323502.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/DSC_7472-2-e1476682323502.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/07\/DSC_7472-2-e1476682323502.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/222521","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8808"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=222521"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/222521\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/56741"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=222521"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=222521"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=222521"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}