{"id":218823,"date":"2019-08-30T14:23:40","date_gmt":"2019-08-30T08:53:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=218823"},"modified":"2019-09-13T15:14:48","modified_gmt":"2019-09-13T09:44:48","slug":"canada-sc-prior-sexual-conduct-of-complainant-must-not-be-admitted-as-evidence-as-it-may-affect-jurys-ability-to-assess-other-evidence-correctly","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/08\/30\/canada-sc-prior-sexual-conduct-of-complainant-must-not-be-admitted-as-evidence-as-it-may-affect-jurys-ability-to-assess-other-evidence-correctly\/","title":{"rendered":"Canada SC | Prior sexual conduct of complainant must not be admitted as evidence, as it may affect jury\u2019s ability to assess other evidence correctly"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"s3\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span class=\"s2\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">Supreme Court of Canada<\/span><\/span><\/strong><span class=\"s4\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\"><strong>:<\/strong> A Full Bench of Wagner, CJ. and Abella, Moldaver, Karakatsanis, C\u00f4t\u00e9, Brown and Rowe, JJ. dismissed an appeal filed by accused to restore his acquittal.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"s3\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"s4\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">In the present case, the deceased woman was found dead in the hotel bathroom of the appellant. She had bled to death from an 11 cm gash inside her vagina. Appellant was arrested and charged with first degree murder. He denied using a sharp object and asserted that the deceased consented to the sexual activities in question or at least he honestly believed that she did. The jury acquitted the appellant of first degree murder and the included offence of manslaughter. On appeal by the Crown, the Alberta Court of appeal concluded that the trial judge had made several serious errors that had affected the jury\u2019s ability to assess the evidence and correctly apply the law to the facts of the case. It allowed the Crown&#8217;s appeal and ordered a re-trial on both first degree murder and manslaughter. The accused then appealed to restore his acquittal. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"s3\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"s4\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">The appellant contended that the issues raised by the Crown, in appeal to the Court of appeal, of after-the-fact conduct were different from the issues he was originally tried on. He argued that the Crown\u2019s failure to object to this portion of the charge should have prevented the Court from dealing with these issues.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"s3\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"s4\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">It was observed by the Court that the Appellate Court could raise new issues to avert the risk of injustice. It was not doubtful that adequate procedural fairness was afforded to the parties as they were given sufficient notice and an adequate opportunity to make submissions. It was also observed that Section 276 of the Criminal Code, <\/span><\/span><span class=\"s4\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">RSC<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s4\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\"> 1985, prohibited the evidence of prior sexual activity, which could lead to reason, based on sexual history, that the complainant would have been more likely to consent to the sexual activity in question, or is less worthy of belief in general. \u00a0The Alberta Court of Appeal in this case, labelled the deceased as \u201c<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s5\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">Native prostitute<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s4\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">\u201d, this was in violation of Section 276 regime. This error had effects on the defence of honest but mistaken belief in communicated consent, upon which accused relied. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"s3\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"s4\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">It was opined that the trial judge&#8217;s instruction relating to after the fact conduct were confusing and misleading. In his own testimony, the appellant had admitted to lying, disposing of evidence and providing contradictory explanations to numerous people after the commission of offence. He also concocted and fabricated multiple stories and excuses. Trial Judge stated that it was up to the jury to decide upon the usage of the said circumstantial evidence, and that they were entitled to consider the evidence of the admitted lies and discarding of evidence as after-the-fact conduct but it was also instructed to the jury that it could not use the evidence for those very purposes. Therefore, the trial judge did not leave it open to the jury to consider the impact of the after-the-fact conduct evidence to properly decide whether appellant\u2019s narrative was credible or not.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"s8\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"s7\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">It was held that the trial judge\u2019s error in permitting evidence of prior sexual activity to be admitted was in clear contravention of Section 276 of the Act and it could reasonably have had a material bearing on the jury\u2019s deliberations as a whole due to which a new trial on both murder and manslaughter was directed. The appeal was hence, dismissed.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"s7\"><span class=\"bumpedFont15\">[R. v. Barton, <a href=\"http:\/\/scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/nFKxY0j9\"><b>2019 SCC OnLine Can SC 15<\/b><\/a>, decided on 24-05-2019]<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court of Canada: A Full Bench of Wagner, CJ. and Abella, Moldaver, Karakatsanis, C\u00f4t\u00e9, Brown and Rowe, JJ. dismissed an appeal <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8808,"featured_media":32072,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,12],"tags":[4561,37332,2948,37331],"class_list":["post-218823","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-foreigncourts","tag-acquittal","tag-manslaughter","tag-murder","tag-sexual-conduct"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - 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Priyantha Fernando, JJ., dismissed an appeal filed aggrieved by the judgment of High Court which convicted the three appellants for the count of murder punishable under Section 296 to be read\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Supreme-Court-of-Sri-Lanka.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Supreme-Court-of-Sri-Lanka.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Supreme-Court-of-Sri-Lanka.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Supreme-Court-of-Sri-Lanka.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Supreme-Court-of-Sri-Lanka.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":216954,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/07\/17\/pak-sc-suspicions-not-a-substitute-for-legal-proof-silence-or-implausible-explanation-on-part-of-accused-not-a-presumption-of-guilt\/","url_meta":{"origin":218823,"position":3},"title":"Pak SC | Silence or implausible explanation on part of accused, not a presumption of guilt","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"July 17, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Pakistan Supreme Court: A Full Bench of Manzoor Ahmad Malik, Syed Mansoor Ali Shah and Qazi Muhammad Amin Ahmed, JJ. allowed an appeal seeking acquittal of a murder charge in the absence of satisfactory evidence. The appellant was in receipt of a guilty verdict. He was indicted for committing the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/supreme_court_of_jpakistan.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/supreme_court_of_jpakistan.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/supreme_court_of_jpakistan.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/supreme_court_of_jpakistan.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/supreme_court_of_jpakistan.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":222871,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/12\/05\/sl-coa-%e2%94%82expert-opinion-is-material-evidence-case-needs-to-be-established-beyond-reasonable-doubt-court-allows-appeal-setting-aside-conviction-of-murder-accused\/","url_meta":{"origin":218823,"position":4},"title":"SL CoA | Expert opinion is material evidence; case needs to be established beyond reasonable doubt; Court allows appeal setting aside conviction of murder accused","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"December 5, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Court of Appeal of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka: A Division Bench of K.K. Wickremasinghe and K. Priyantha Fernando, JJ., allowed an appeal setting aside the conviction and acquitting the Accused-Appellant from the charge of murder. The Appellant and the victim (deceased) were husband and wife. Appellant was\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Supreme-Court-of-Sri-Lanka.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Supreme-Court-of-Sri-Lanka.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Supreme-Court-of-Sri-Lanka.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Supreme-Court-of-Sri-Lanka.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Supreme-Court-of-Sri-Lanka.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":204074,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/10\/22\/section-106-evidence-act-not-a-substitute-for-the-burden-of-proof-which-rests-on-prosecution-murder-accused-acquitted-holding-prosecution-case-based-on-presumption-bombay-hc\/","url_meta":{"origin":218823,"position":5},"title":"Section 106 Evidence Act not a substitute for the burden of proof which rests on prosecution; murder accused acquitted holding prosecution case based on presumption: Bombay HC","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"October 22, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Bombay High Court: A Division Bench comprising of S.S. Shinde and A.S. Gadkari, JJ., allowed a criminal appeal filed against the judgment of the trial court whereby the appellant was convicted for murder under Section 302 IPC. The appellant and the deceased were living in a live-in-relationship. Both were married\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/218823","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8808"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=218823"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/218823\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32072"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=218823"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=218823"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=218823"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}