{"id":216110,"date":"2019-06-26T11:00:41","date_gmt":"2019-06-26T05:30:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=216110"},"modified":"2019-07-05T12:28:01","modified_gmt":"2019-07-05T06:58:01","slug":"pak-sc-dying-declaration-exception-to-direct-rule-of-evidence-requires-demonstration-of-no-extraneous-prompting-by-anyone-to-the-declarant","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/06\/26\/pak-sc-dying-declaration-exception-to-direct-rule-of-evidence-requires-demonstration-of-no-extraneous-prompting-by-anyone-to-the-declarant\/","title":{"rendered":"Pak SC | Dying Declaration: Exception to direct rule of evidence \u2013 requires demonstration of no extraneous prompting by anyone to declarant"},"content":{"rendered":"

Supreme Court of Pakistan: <\/strong>A Full Bench of Manzoor Ahmad Malik, Syed Mansoor Ali Shah and Qazi Muhammad Amin Ahmed, JJ. set aside the impugned judgment and conviction of the appellant by extending the benefit of doubt.<\/p>\n

The prosecution\u2019s case was hinged on the dying declaration made by the deceased Haji Muhammed Zamin Khan (complainant), in which he said that he was on his way back from a condolence meeting when the respondent herein fired upon him. After making this statement to the police, he succumbed to his wounds. The accused was arrested, convicted under Section 302 of Pakistan Penal Code, 1860 and sentenced to death. Peshawar High Court however altered the death penalty into imprisonment for life. Aggrieved by the said order, the present appeal was filed by complainant\u2019s son.<\/p>\n

The learned counsel for the appellant, Astagfirullah, contended that in the absence of any mitigating circumstance, there was no occasion for the learned High Court to alter the death penalty into imprisonment for life. Whereas learned counsel for the accused-respondent, Ghulam Mohyuddin Malik, questioned the legality of conviction on the ground that the case was founded primarily on a dying declaration and the prosecution miserably failed to show as to who recorded deceased\u2019s last words and thus it was unsafe to maintain the conviction.<\/p>\n

The Court noted that the statement of the deceased was recorded by Munawar Khan, one of the prosecution witnesses, who dictated it to Khan Ghalib Khan (another prosecution witness) to be recorded in the first information report. However, the second prosecution witness denied recording the first information report and thus it was unknown as to who had recorded the deceased\u2019s last words.<\/p>\n

It was observed that dying declaration is an exception to the general rule of direct evidence and it is admitted to the detriment of an accused without the opportunity of cross-examination upon the declarant under the belief that a person, face to face with God, would tell nothing but the whole truth. Therefore, it was held that prosecution must demonstrate beyond the shadow of a doubt that the dying declaration comprised of the words of declarant alone without extraneous prompting or additions. Thus, the person who recorded the dying declaration is the most important witness to verify its veracity. However, this person was missing in the present case.<\/p>\n

In view of the above, the Court held that it was grievously unsafe to maintain the conviction and hence by extending the benefit of the doubt to the appellant, the appeal was dismissed and respondent was directed to be released.[Somaid v. Ali Gohar, 2019 SCC OnLine Pak SC 9<\/b><\/a>, decided on 30-04-2019]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Supreme Court of Pakistan: A Full Bench of Manzoor Ahmad Malik, Syed Mansoor Ali Shah and Qazi Muhammad Amin Ahmed, JJ. set <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8808,"featured_media":66141,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,12],"tags":[3468,3035,36267,7931,30480,12981,36268],"class_list":["post-216110","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-foreigncourts","tag-conviction","tag-death_penalty","tag-direct-rule-of-evidence","tag-dying-declaration","tag-impugned","tag-judgment","tag-section-302-of-pakistan-penal-code"],"yoast_head":"\nPak SC | Dying Declaration: Exception to direct rule of evidence \u2013 requires demonstration of no extraneous prompting by anyone to declarant | SCC Times<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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had no knowledge that it would cause death\u201d \u2013 Conviction under S. 302 IPC upheld","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"February 20, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Bombay High Court: A Division Bench of M.G. Sewlikar and T.V. Nalawade, JJ., upheld the decision of the trial court to convict the accused under Section 302 of Penal Code and held that, \u201c A person who pours kerosene on someone and sets him on fire has no right to\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/09\/Bombay-HC.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":298354,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/08\/02\/dying-declaration-section-32-1-evidence-act-exception-rule-against-hearsay-evidence-bombay-hc\/","url_meta":{"origin":216110,"position":1},"title":"Dying Declaration | Section 32(1) of Evidence Act is an exception to general rule against hearsay evidence: Bombay High Court upholds conviction order against the accused","author":"Ridhi","date":"August 2, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Bombay High Court clarified that the instant case was one based on dying declaration which may solely be made the basis of conviction after qualifying the test of truthfulness, voluntariness and free from suspicion and doubt.","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"bombay high court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/bombay-high-court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/bombay-high-court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/bombay-high-court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/bombay-high-court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":197853,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/06\/30\/uncorroborated-dying-declaration-may-become-basis-of-conviction-if-it-inspires-confidence\/","url_meta":{"origin":216110,"position":2},"title":"Uncorroborated \u2018dying declaration\u2019 may become basis of conviction if it inspires confidence","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"June 30, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Jharkhand High Court: A Division Bench comprising of H.C. Mishra and B.B. Mangalmurti, JJ., dismissed a criminal appeal filed against the judgment of conviction and sentence passed against the appellant by the trial court. The appellant was convicted for the murder of his father. It was alleged that on a\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":242232,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2021\/01\/14\/ori-hc-comprehensive-principles-governing-dying-declaration-and-remission-of-sentence-reiterated-appeal-dismissed\/","url_meta":{"origin":216110,"position":3},"title":"Ori HC | Comprehensive Principles governing \u201cDying Declaration\u201d and \u201cRemission of Sentence\u201d reiterated; Appeal dismissed","author":"Editor","date":"January 14, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Orissa High Court: A Division Bench of S.K Mishra and Savitri Ratho JJ. dismissed the appeal and directed to adjudication application for remission within 60 days of the receipt of the application. The facts of the case are the deceased-Urmila had married the appellant-accused in 1994 during which a sum\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":222353,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2019\/11\/21\/raj-hc-conviction-on-the-basis-of-dying-declaration-upheld-where-it-inspired-confidence\/","url_meta":{"origin":216110,"position":4},"title":"Raj HC | Conviction on the basis of dying declaration upheld where it inspired confidence","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"November 21, 2019","format":false,"excerpt":"Rajasthan High Court: A Division Bench of Sabina and Goverdhan Bardhar, JJ., while dismissing the appeal upheld the judgment passed by the trial court. In the instant case, respondent Nafisa in her dying declaration stated that her husband Amin who is the appellant, in this case, used to beat her\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":303482,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/10\/04\/dying-declaration-sole-basis-of-conviction-courts-must-conclude-it-trustworthy-supreme-court\/","url_meta":{"origin":216110,"position":5},"title":"Dying declaration may be sole basis of conviction, but Courts must conclude it to be trustworthy, reliable and one which inspires confidence: Supreme Court","author":"Ridhi","date":"October 4, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"\"No doubt, that a conviction can be solely recorded on the basis of dying declaration. However, for doing so, the court must come to a conclusion that the dying declaration is trustworthy, reliable and one which inspires confidence.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In "Case Briefs"","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"dying declaration sole basis of conviction","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/dying-declaration-sole-basis-of-conviction.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/dying-declaration-sole-basis-of-conviction.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/dying-declaration-sole-basis-of-conviction.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/dying-declaration-sole-basis-of-conviction.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/216110","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8808"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=216110"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/216110\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/66141"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=216110"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=216110"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=216110"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}