{"id":202339,"date":"2018-09-27T19:19:36","date_gmt":"2018-09-27T13:49:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=202339"},"modified":"2018-09-29T14:16:07","modified_gmt":"2018-09-29T08:46:07","slug":"applying-creamy-layer-principle-to-sc-st-not-invalid-collection-of-quantifiable-data-to-show-backwardness-not-allowed-nagaraj-case-not-to-be-reconsidered-sc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/09\/27\/applying-creamy-layer-principle-to-sc-st-not-invalid-collection-of-quantifiable-data-to-show-backwardness-not-allowed-nagaraj-case-not-to-be-reconsidered-sc\/","title":{"rendered":"Applying creamy layer principle to SC\/ST not invalid; collection of quantifiable data to show backwardness not allowed; Nagaraj case not to be reconsidered: SC"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Supreme Court:\u00a0<\/strong>The 5-Judge Constitution Bench comprising of CJ Dipak Misra and Kurian Joseph, R.F. Nariman, Sanjay Kishan Kaul and Indu Malhotra, JJ., disposed of a batch of petitions holding that the judgment in\u00a0<em>M. Nagaraj v. Union of India, <\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/k0w8d9u0\">(2006) 8 SCC 212<\/a>does not need to be referred to a 7-Judge Bench. However, the conclusion in\u00a0<em>Nagaraj\u00a0<\/em>that the State has to collect quantifiable data showing backwardness of the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes, being contrary to the 9-Judge Bench in\u00a0<em>Indra Sawhney v. Union of India,<\/em> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/lZQIy0uP\">1992 Supp (3) 217<\/a>was held to be invalid to this extent.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Court was hearing the matter regarding the correctness of the decision in\u00a0<em>Nagaraj\u00a0<\/em>case. The controversy revolved around the interpretation of Articles 16 (4-A) and (4-B), 335, 341 and 342 of the Constitution. K.K. Venugopal, Attorney General for India, submitted that\u00a0<em>Nagaraj\u00a0<\/em>needs reconsideration on two points.\u00a0<em>First,\u00a0<\/em>when\u00a0<em>Nagaraj<\/em> states that the State has to collect quantifiable data showing backwardness, such observation would be contrary to the 9-Judge Bench in\u00a0<em>Indra Sawhney,\u00a0<\/em>as it has been held therein that the SC\/ST are the most backward among backward classes and it is, therefore, presumed that once they are contained in the Presidential List under Articles 341 and 342, there is no question of showing backwardness all over again.\u00a0<em>Second,\u00a0<\/em>the creamy layer concept has not been applied in\u00a0<em>Indra Sawhney<\/em> in regard to SC\/ST and\u00a0<em>Nagaraj\u00a0<\/em>has misread the aforesaid judgment to apply this concept to the SCT\/ST.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Supreme Court referred to previous judgments including, inter alia,\u00a0<em>Keshav Mills Co. Ltd. v. CIT,<\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/k81r8jz6\"> (1965) 2 SCR 908<\/a><em>; E.V. Chinnaiah v. State of A.P., <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/yM56y26X\">(<\/a><\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/yM56y26X\">2005) 1 SCC 394<\/a>;<em> Ashoka Kumar Thakur v. Union of India, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/iNx3avjS\">(<\/a><\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/iNx3avjS\">2008) 6 SCC 1<\/a>.The Court held it to be clear that when\u00a0<em>Nagaraj\u00a0<\/em>allows the States to collect <em>quantifiable data on backwardness,\u00a0<\/em>insofar as SC\/ST are concerned, this would clearly be contrary to <em>Indra Sawhney\u00a0<\/em>and would have to be declared to be bad on this ground. However, regarding the\u00a0<em>creamy layer principle,\u00a0<\/em>the Court observed that the whole object of reservation is to see that backward classes of citizens move forward so that they may march hand in hand with other citizens of India on an equal basis. This will not be possible if only the creamy layer within that class bag all the coveted jobs in the public sector and perpetuate themselves, leaving the rest of the class as backward as they always were. This being the case, it is clear that when a Court applies the creamy layer principle to SC\/ST, it does not in any manner tinker with the Presidential List under Articles 341 or 342. Therefore, this part of the judgment does not need to be revisited, and consequently, there is no need to refer <em>Nagaraj\u00a0<\/em>to a 7-Judge Bench. In light of the said discussion and observations, the petitions were disposed of. [Jarnail Singh v. Lachhmi Narain Gupta,<a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/LxiF87La\"><b>2018 SCC OnLine SC 1641<\/b><\/a>, decided on 26-09-2018]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Supreme Court:\u00a0The 5-Judge Constitution Bench comprising of CJ Dipak Misra and Kurian Joseph, R.F. Nariman, Sanjay Kishan Kaul and Indu Malhotra, JJ., <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8808,"featured_media":154914,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,9],"tags":[31880,31884,31882,31279,31883,2672,14301],"class_list":["post-202339","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-supremecourt","tag-backwardness","tag-creamy-layer","tag-nagaraj","tag-promotions","tag-quantifiable-data","tag-reservation","tag-reservations"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Applying creamy layer principle to SC\/ST not invalid; collection of quantifiable data to show backwardness not allowed; Nagaraj case not to be reconsidered: SC | SCC Times<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/09\/27\/applying-creamy-layer-principle-to-sc-st-not-invalid-collection-of-quantifiable-data-to-show-backwardness-not-allowed-nagaraj-case-not-to-be-reconsidered-sc\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Applying creamy layer principle to SC\/ST not invalid; collection of quantifiable data to show backwardness not allowed; Nagaraj case not to be reconsidered: SC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Supreme Court:\u00a0The 5-Judge Constitution Bench comprising of CJ Dipak Misra and Kurian Joseph, R.F. 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Nagaraj judgment on \u201cReservations in Promotions\u201d does not require reconsideration: SC","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"September 26, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court: The 5-judge Constitution Bench comprising of CJ Dipak Misra and Kurian Joseph, R.F. Nariman, S.K. Kaul and Indu Malhotra, JJ., held the decision in M. Nagaraj v. Union of India, (2006) 8 SCC 212, bad in law to the extent it requires quantifiable data for reservation in promotions\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Hot Off The Press&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Hot Off The Press","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/news\/hot_off_the_press\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":260858,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2022\/01\/31\/reservation-in-promotion-the-6-issues-settled-by-supreme-court-on-collection-of-quantifiable-data-showing-inadequacy-of-representation\/","url_meta":{"origin":202339,"position":1},"title":"Reservation in promotion: The 6 issues settled by Supreme Court on collection of quantifiable data on inadequacy of representation\u00a0\u00a0","author":"Prachi Bhardwaj","date":"January 31, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court: The 3-judge bench of L. Nageswara Rao*, Sanjiv Khanna and BR Gavai has answered following 6 crucial questions in relation to quantifiable data showing inadequacy of representation in promotional posts: 1)What is the yardstick by which, according to M. Nagaraj v. Union of India, (2006) 8 SCC 212,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Reservation-in-promotion-The-6-issues-settled-by-Supreme-Court-on-collection-of-quantifiable-data-on-inadequacy-of-representation.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Reservation-in-promotion-The-6-issues-settled-by-Supreme-Court-on-collection-of-quantifiable-data-on-inadequacy-of-representation.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Reservation-in-promotion-The-6-issues-settled-by-Supreme-Court-on-collection-of-quantifiable-data-on-inadequacy-of-representation.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Reservation-in-promotion-The-6-issues-settled-by-Supreme-Court-on-collection-of-quantifiable-data-on-inadequacy-of-representation.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Reservation-in-promotion-The-6-issues-settled-by-Supreme-Court-on-collection-of-quantifiable-data-on-inadequacy-of-representation.png?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":233843,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2020\/08\/13\/know-thy-judge-justice-rohinton-f-nariman\/","url_meta":{"origin":202339,"position":2},"title":"Know Thy Judge| Justice Rohinton F. Nariman","author":"Editor","date":"August 13, 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Tanvi Singh, Editorial Assistant has put this story together","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Know thy Judge&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Know thy Judge","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/judges-information\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/458123.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/458123.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/458123.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/458123.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/458123.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":196691,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/06\/06\/centre-given-green-signal-for-reservation-in-sc-st-employees-promotion-till-further-decision\/","url_meta":{"origin":202339,"position":3},"title":"Centre given \u201cgreen\u201d signal for reservation in SC\/ST employees\u2019 promotion till further decision","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"June 6, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court: The Vacation Bench comprising of Adarsh Kumar Goel and Ashok Bhushan JJ., allowed the Centre to go ahead with the reservation in promotion for employees belonging to the cadre of SC\/ST in accordance to law. Centre had stated various submissions for explaining their concern on the whole process\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":290049,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/04\/19\/legal-analysis-of-recent-judgments-on-reservation-policies-in-india-legal-research-legal-news-updates\/","url_meta":{"origin":202339,"position":4},"title":"Reservation Policies in India","author":"Apoorva","date":"April 19, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Reservation as a concept is very wide. Different people understand reservation to mean different things. One view of reservation as a generic concept is that reservation is an anti-poverty measure. There is a different view which says that reservation is merely providing a right of access and that it is\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Law made Easy&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Law made Easy","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/law-made-easy\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"judgments on reservation policies in india","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/judgments-on-reservation-policies-in-india.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/judgments-on-reservation-policies-in-india.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/judgments-on-reservation-policies-in-india.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/judgments-on-reservation-policies-in-india.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":206966,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/12\/18\/2018-scc-vol-10-december-14-2018-part-3\/","url_meta":{"origin":202339,"position":5},"title":"2018 SCC Vol. 10 December 14, 2018 Part 3","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"December 18, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Constitution of India \u2014 Arts. 16(4-A) and 16(4-B), 330, 341 and 342 \u2014 Effectuation of Arts. 16(4-A) and 16(4-B): First precondition for reservation in promotion with consequential seniority for SCs and STs under Arts. 16(4-A) and 16(4-B), laid down in M. Nagaraj, (2006) 8 SCC 212, that States had to\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Cases Reported&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Cases Reported","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casesreported\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/scccover-28.1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/scccover-28.1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/scccover-28.1.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/scccover-28.1.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/01\/scccover-28.1.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/202339","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8808"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=202339"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/202339\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/154914"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=202339"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=202339"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=202339"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}