{"id":197381,"date":"2018-06-25T09:49:11","date_gmt":"2018-06-25T04:19:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=197381"},"modified":"2018-06-29T11:25:18","modified_gmt":"2018-06-29T05:55:18","slug":"the-word-offender-in-section-397-ipc-envisages-individual-liability-and-not-constructive-liability","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/06\/25\/the-word-offender-in-section-397-ipc-envisages-individual-liability-and-not-constructive-liability\/","title":{"rendered":"The word \u2018offender\u2019 in Section 397 IPC envisages individual liability and not constructive liability"},"content":{"rendered":"

Delhi High Court: <\/strong>A Single Judge Bench comprising of Anu Malhotra, J., allowed a criminal petition filed against the judgment of the trial court wherein the appellant was convicted under Sections 392 and 397 IPC along with Section 27 of Arms Act.<\/p>\n

The appellant was alleged to have robbed the house of the victim (complainant), and in the act, it was alleged, he used a deadly weapon (knife) that terrorized the victim. The appellant was booked under the above-mentioned sections. He was tried and convicted by the trial court. In the instant appeal, the appellant confined his challenge to the conviction under Section 397. It was contended that there were no allegations against the appellant that he used <\/em>any deadly weapon in the course of committing the robbery, and as such, he could not be convicted under the said section.<\/p>\n

The High Court perused the record and found that in his statement, the victim clearly stated that the co-accused in the case had a knife. But as to the appellant, the victim stated that he did not remember what weapon the appellant was holding. The Court referred to a Supreme Court decision in Dilawar Singh <\/em>v. State of (NCT of Delhi),(2007) 12 SCC 641: (2008) 3 SCC (Cri) 330<\/a><\/strong>, wherein it was held, the word \u2018offender\u2019 (as used in Section 397 IPC) envisages individual liability and not any constructive liability. <\/em>In the instant case, though recovery of the knife was made on the statement of the appellant, however, no specific attributions were made to the appellant carrying a knife at the day of the incident. Noting such facts and circumstances, the High Court held that no culpability could be fixed against the appellant under Section 397, for which the use<\/em> of a knife is a sine qua non. Accordingly, while upholding his conviction under Section 392 IPC along with Section 27 of Arms Act, the High Court set aside the appellant\u2019s conviction and sentence under Section 397 IPC. [Mumtaz v. State,2018 SCC OnLine Del 9534<\/b><\/a>, decided on 13-06-2018]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Delhi High Court: A Single Judge Bench comprising of Anu Malhotra, J., allowed a criminal petition filed against the judgment of the <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8808,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[30638,15091,30637,30636,30639],"class_list":["post-197381","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-constructive-liability","tag-culpability","tag-deadly-weapon","tag-robbery","tag-sine-qua-non"],"yoast_head":"\nThe word \u2018offender\u2019 in Section 397 IPC envisages individual liability and not constructive liability | SCC Times<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/06\/25\/the-word-offender-in-section-397-ipc-envisages-individual-liability-and-not-constructive-liability\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The word \u2018offender\u2019 in Section 397 IPC envisages individual liability and not constructive liability\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Delhi High Court: A Single Judge Bench comprising of Anu Malhotra, J., allowed a criminal petition filed against the judgment of the\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/06\/25\/the-word-offender-in-section-397-ipc-envisages-individual-liability-and-not-constructive-liability\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"SCC Times\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/scc.online\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-06-25T04:19:11+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2018-06-29T05:55:18+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/Delhi-HC.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1329\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"888\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Bhumika Indulia\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Bhumika Indulia\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scconline.com\\\/blog\\\/post\\\/2018\\\/06\\\/25\\\/the-word-offender-in-section-397-ipc-envisages-individual-liability-and-not-constructive-liability\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scconline.com\\\/blog\\\/post\\\/2018\\\/06\\\/25\\\/the-word-offender-in-section-397-ipc-envisages-individual-liability-and-not-constructive-liability\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Bhumika Indulia\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scconline.com\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/919ec47cc1b871b362af05740398033a\"},\"headline\":\"The word \u2018offender\u2019 in Section 397 IPC envisages individual liability and not constructive liability\",\"datePublished\":\"2018-06-25T04:19:11+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2018-06-29T05:55:18+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scconline.com\\\/blog\\\/post\\\/2018\\\/06\\\/25\\\/the-word-offender-in-section-397-ipc-envisages-individual-liability-and-not-constructive-liability\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":338,\"commentCount\":0,\"keywords\":[\"constructive liability\",\"culpability\",\"deadly weapon\",\"robbery\",\"sine qua non\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Case Briefs\",\"High Courts\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scconline.com\\\/blog\\\/post\\\/2018\\\/06\\\/25\\\/the-word-offender-in-section-397-ipc-envisages-individual-liability-and-not-constructive-liability\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scconline.com\\\/blog\\\/post\\\/2018\\\/06\\\/25\\\/the-word-offender-in-section-397-ipc-envisages-individual-liability-and-not-constructive-liability\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scconline.com\\\/blog\\\/post\\\/2018\\\/06\\\/25\\\/the-word-offender-in-section-397-ipc-envisages-individual-liability-and-not-constructive-liability\\\/\",\"name\":\"The word \u2018offender\u2019 in Section 397 IPC envisages individual liability and not constructive liability | SCC Times\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scconline.com\\\/blog\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2018-06-25T04:19:11+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2018-06-29T05:55:18+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scconline.com\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/919ec47cc1b871b362af05740398033a\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scconline.com\\\/blog\\\/post\\\/2018\\\/06\\\/25\\\/the-word-offender-in-section-397-ipc-envisages-individual-liability-and-not-constructive-liability\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scconline.com\\\/blog\\\/post\\\/2018\\\/06\\\/25\\\/the-word-offender-in-section-397-ipc-envisages-individual-liability-and-not-constructive-liability\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scconline.com\\\/blog\\\/post\\\/2018\\\/06\\\/25\\\/the-word-offender-in-section-397-ipc-envisages-individual-liability-and-not-constructive-liability\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scconline.com\\\/blog\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"The word \u2018offender\u2019 in Section 397 IPC envisages individual liability and not constructive liability\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scconline.com\\\/blog\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scconline.com\\\/blog\\\/\",\"name\":\"SCC Times\",\"description\":\"Bringing you the Best Analytical Legal News\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scconline.com\\\/blog\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scconline.com\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/919ec47cc1b871b362af05740398033a\",\"name\":\"Bhumika Indulia\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/84c1b51748d0297cf12e5a898eccb7bd3eb5f0ab4ae8e275e2e65c4c83f84740?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/84c1b51748d0297cf12e5a898eccb7bd3eb5f0ab4ae8e275e2e65c4c83f84740?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/84c1b51748d0297cf12e5a898eccb7bd3eb5f0ab4ae8e275e2e65c4c83f84740?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Bhumika Indulia\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.scconline.com\\\/blog\\\/post\\\/author\\\/editor_1\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"The word \u2018offender\u2019 in Section 397 IPC envisages individual liability and not constructive liability | SCC Times","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/06\/25\/the-word-offender-in-section-397-ipc-envisages-individual-liability-and-not-constructive-liability\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"The word \u2018offender\u2019 in Section 397 IPC envisages individual liability and not constructive liability","og_description":"Delhi High Court: A Single Judge Bench comprising of Anu Malhotra, J., allowed a criminal petition filed against the judgment of the","og_url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/06\/25\/the-word-offender-in-section-397-ipc-envisages-individual-liability-and-not-constructive-liability\/","og_site_name":"SCC Times","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/scc.online\/","article_published_time":"2018-06-25T04:19:11+00:00","article_modified_time":"2018-06-29T05:55:18+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1329,"height":888,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/10\/Delhi-HC.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Bhumika Indulia","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Bhumika Indulia","Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/06\/25\/the-word-offender-in-section-397-ipc-envisages-individual-liability-and-not-constructive-liability\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/06\/25\/the-word-offender-in-section-397-ipc-envisages-individual-liability-and-not-constructive-liability\/"},"author":{"name":"Bhumika Indulia","@id":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/919ec47cc1b871b362af05740398033a"},"headline":"The word \u2018offender\u2019 in Section 397 IPC envisages individual liability and not constructive liability","datePublished":"2018-06-25T04:19:11+00:00","dateModified":"2018-06-29T05:55:18+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/06\/25\/the-word-offender-in-section-397-ipc-envisages-individual-liability-and-not-constructive-liability\/"},"wordCount":338,"commentCount":0,"keywords":["constructive liability","culpability","deadly weapon","robbery","sine qua non"],"articleSection":["Case Briefs","High Courts"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/06\/25\/the-word-offender-in-section-397-ipc-envisages-individual-liability-and-not-constructive-liability\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/06\/25\/the-word-offender-in-section-397-ipc-envisages-individual-liability-and-not-constructive-liability\/","url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/06\/25\/the-word-offender-in-section-397-ipc-envisages-individual-liability-and-not-constructive-liability\/","name":"The word \u2018offender\u2019 in Section 397 IPC envisages individual liability and not constructive liability | SCC Times","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/#website"},"datePublished":"2018-06-25T04:19:11+00:00","dateModified":"2018-06-29T05:55:18+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/919ec47cc1b871b362af05740398033a"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/06\/25\/the-word-offender-in-section-397-ipc-envisages-individual-liability-and-not-constructive-liability\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/06\/25\/the-word-offender-in-section-397-ipc-envisages-individual-liability-and-not-constructive-liability\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/06\/25\/the-word-offender-in-section-397-ipc-envisages-individual-liability-and-not-constructive-liability\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"The word \u2018offender\u2019 in Section 397 IPC envisages individual liability and not constructive liability"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/","name":"SCC Times","description":"Bringing you the Best Analytical Legal News","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/919ec47cc1b871b362af05740398033a","name":"Bhumika Indulia","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/84c1b51748d0297cf12e5a898eccb7bd3eb5f0ab4ae8e275e2e65c4c83f84740?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/84c1b51748d0297cf12e5a898eccb7bd3eb5f0ab4ae8e275e2e65c4c83f84740?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/84c1b51748d0297cf12e5a898eccb7bd3eb5f0ab4ae8e275e2e65c4c83f84740?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Bhumika Indulia"},"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/author\/editor_1\/"}]}},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/197381","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8808"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=197381"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/197381\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=197381"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=197381"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=197381"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}