{"id":189274,"date":"2018-02-15T14:10:44","date_gmt":"2018-02-15T08:40:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=189274"},"modified":"2018-06-29T16:00:51","modified_gmt":"2018-06-29T10:30:51","slug":"google-penalized-abusing-predominance-create-search-bias-limited-not-rooted-universal-results-common-units","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/02\/15\/google-penalized-abusing-predominance-create-search-bias-limited-not-rooted-universal-results-common-units\/","title":{"rendered":"Google penalized for abusing its predominance to create a \u2018Search Bias\u2019 being limited and not rooted to Universal Results and Common units"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Competition Commission of India:<\/strong> In the order passed by a bench comprising of Mr. Devender Kumar Sikri (Chairperson), Mr. S.L. Bunker (Member), Mr. Sudhir Mital (Member), Mr. Augustine Peter (Member), Mr. U.C. Nahta (Member), Mr. G.P. Mittal (Member), addressed two cases i.e. Case No. 07 of 2012 and Case No. 30 of 2012, both filed under <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/4ZXYTl22\">Section 19(1) (a) of the Competition Act, 2002<\/a> (the Act), eventually clubbed together having similar issues and a common respondents being Google LLC, Google India Private Limited and Google Ireland Limited (GIL).<br \/>\nThe brief facts being that it was averred by the informants, Matrimony.com and Consumer Unity &amp; Trust Society, that Google has been running its core business of \u2018Search and Advertising\u2019, in a discriminatory manner, causing harm to advertisers and indirectly to the consumers and creates an uneven playing field by favoring its services and partners, through manually manipulating its search results to the advantage of its vertical partners and it was also further posited that in order to promote Google\u2019s own vertical search sites, it started mixing many of its vertical search results with the organic search results, thus asserting and abusing its dominant and monopolistic position in the market, in contravention with the provisions of Section 4 of the Act.<br \/>\nBased on the investigation report and various contentions put forward, the Competition Commission observed and affirmed that Google has a dominant position in the relevant Indian market, despite the presence and standing of strong competitors like Yahoo! and Microsoft Bing. It was further, observed that Specialized Search Services like Google News, Google Maps, Google Flights etc., has harmed its competitors and also making the search results \u2018biased\u2019, \u2018limited\u2019 and not based on the mechanism of \u2018Universal Results and Common units\u2019 affects the competition.<br \/>\nThe Commission found the internet giant to be abusing its dominance in Online web search and Online search advertising markets by imposing unfair conditions upon Trademark owners whose trademarks are being allowed to be bid as keywords (as third party) in online search advertising, blazoning its conduct to be anti-competitive in terms of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/kk5edxPd\">Section 4(2)(a)(i), 4(2)(b)(ii), 4(2)(c) and 4(2)(e) of the Act<\/a>.<br \/>\nThe CCI comprising of Mr. Sikri, Mr. Bunker, Mr. Peter and Mr. Nahta, held that, in respect of the Flight Commercial Unit, Google is to display a disclaimer in the commercial flight unit box indicating that the &#8216;search flight&#8217; link placed at the bottom leads to the Google&#8217;s Flight page, and not the results aggregated by any other third party service provider so that the users are not misled. However, CCI also observed that it did not find any contravention with respect to Google\u2019s specialised search design, AdWords and online distribution agreements.<br \/>\nThe Commission while referring to the case<em> Excel Crop Care Limited<\/em> v.<em> Competition Commission of India<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/v51h9ml1\">(2017) 8 SCC 47<\/a>, imposed a penalty of Rs 135.86 crore at the rate of 5% of their average total revenue generated from India operations for the financial years 2013-2015, for infringing anti-trust conduct.<br \/>\nWhile giving a dissenting opinion, Mr. Sudhir Mital and Mr. G.P. Mittal, disagreed with the Majoritys\u2019 view in respect of the alleged contravention of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/kk5edxPd\">Section 4(2)(a)(i) of the Act<\/a> by Google in respect of Flights Unit, and stated that the remedy provided to upload a disclaimer for the same, will not eliminate the harm caused or likely to be caused to the third party websites and that more necessary steps should have been taken to empirically examine as to how the high visibility of flight units affected third party travel verticals. Also, further dissenting to the Majoritys\u2019 conclusion regarding Direct (negotiated) Search Intermediation Agreements and historic use of Fixed Position for Universal Results, demurred that the system were not sufficiently advanced to conduct a relevance comparison for all positions on the result page which made Google to fix their positions on Search Engine Result Page (SERP). [Matrimony.com Limited v. Google LLC,<a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/oazf0YQQ\"><b>2018 SCC OnLine CCI 1<\/b><\/a>, dated 31.01.2018 and Dissent Note dated 08-02-2018]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Competition Commission of India: In the order passed by a bench comprising of Mr. Devender Kumar Sikri (Chairperson), Mr. S.L. Bunker (Member), <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":91,"featured_media":76441,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,11],"tags":[6661,2889,28354,28364],"class_list":["post-189274","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-tribunals_commissions_regulatorybodies","tag-dominant-position","tag-google","tag-search-and-advertising","tag-specialized-search-services"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Google penalized for abusing its predominance to create a \u2018Search Bias\u2019 being limited and not rooted to Universal Results and Common units | SCC Times<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/02\/15\/google-penalized-abusing-predominance-create-search-bias-limited-not-rooted-universal-results-common-units\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Google penalized for abusing its predominance to create a \u2018Search Bias\u2019 being limited and not rooted to Universal Results and Common units\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Competition Commission of India: In the order passed by a bench comprising of Mr. Devender Kumar Sikri (Chairperson), Mr. S.L. 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SEBI Ban, Amazon Fined Over \u20b9100 Rakhi; and more","author":"Arunima","date":"June 4, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"From a \u20b920.24 Cr Google settlement in an Android TV antitrust case to NCLT\u2019s rejection of Vedanta\u2019s demerger, the May 2025 roundup covers key regulatory and tribunal decisions. Highlights include NCLAT\u2019s take on electricity dues during CIRP, SEBI's 5-year ban on actor Arshad Warsi, environmental rulings by NGT, and Amazon\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Legal RoundUp&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Legal RoundUp","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/columns-for-roundup\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Tribunal and Commission Roundup May 2025","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Tribunal-and-Commission-Roundup-May-2025.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Tribunal-and-Commission-Roundup-May-2025.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Tribunal-and-Commission-Roundup-May-2025.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Tribunal-and-Commission-Roundup-May-2025.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":290095,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/04\/20\/delhi-high-court-possession-of-third-firearm-by-a-member-of-rifle-club-rifle-association-illegal-legal-updates-awareness-news-research-law\/","url_meta":{"origin":189274,"position":4},"title":"Possession of a third firearm by a member of a rifle association or rifle club is illegal; Delhi High Court refuses relief to a senior advocate having three firearms","author":"Arunima","date":"April 20, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Legislature has deliberately used the words \u201cacquire\u201d, \u201cpossess\u201d and \u201cuse\u201d in the same Section 3(3) of the Arms Act having different connotations, to be construed in a manner to give effect to each word to further the purpose of the legislation i.e., to reduce the number of firearms that could\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Delhi High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/MicrosoftTeams-image-472.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/MicrosoftTeams-image-472.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/MicrosoftTeams-image-472.png?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/MicrosoftTeams-image-472.png?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":281470,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/01\/11\/cci-abuse-dominant-position-play-store-policies-penalty-google-appeal-nclat-interim-relief-refused\/","url_meta":{"origin":189274,"position":5},"title":"NCLAT refuses to grant interim relief to Google; directs to deposit 10% of &#8377; 936 crore penalty","author":"Editor","date":"January 11, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"National Company Law Appellate Tribunal, New Delhi: While deciding an appeal filed against the Competition Commission of India's (CCI) order imposing a penalty of \u20b9 936.44 crore on the appellant, Google for abusing its dominant position through its Play Store policies, a bench consisting of Rakesh Kumar, J., and Dr.\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"NCLAT","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/MicrosoftTeams-image-395.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/189274","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/91"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=189274"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/189274\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/76441"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=189274"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=189274"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=189274"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}