{"id":176194,"date":"2017-12-15T16:26:47","date_gmt":"2017-12-15T10:56:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=176194"},"modified":"2017-12-22T11:15:52","modified_gmt":"2017-12-22T05:45:52","slug":"death-must-nexus-fir-pre-requisite-fir-admissible-evidence-death-first-informant","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2017\/12\/15\/death-must-nexus-fir-pre-requisite-fir-admissible-evidence-death-first-informant\/","title":{"rendered":"\u2018Death\u2019 must have nexus with FIR: A pre-requisite for FIR to be admissible as evidence after \u2018death of first informant\u2019"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Gujarat High Court:<\/strong> The order being passed by J.B. Pardiwala, J., for application filed under Article 227 of the Constitution by the original accused, who was charged for offences under Sections 302, 147, 148, 149, 452, 504, 506(2), 120-B read with Section 34 of the Penal Code, 1860. The main reason for filing the application being that the first informant had died because of natural reasons, regarding which the accused counsel had argued that the \u2018death of the first informant\u2019, makes the investigating officers\u2019 depositions to prove the contents of FIR not permissible in law, but this whole objection was overruled by the trial court. The High Court after considering all contentions, and looking into the trial court\u2019s order, observed that the basic purpose of an FIR is to set the criminal law into motion, and is the initial step in a criminal case and also that the FIR by itself is not a substantial piece of evidence, unless it falls within the purview of Section 32 of the Evidence Act, 1872.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Court relied on the Supreme Court decision in <em>Damodar Prasad<\/em> v. <em>State of U.P., <\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/2r0Vf8K7\">(1975) 3 SCC 851 : AIR 1975 SC 757<\/a>, where it was explained that, if the informant dies, FIR can be unquestionably, used as a substantial piece of evidence, only with the pre-requisite condition that, \u2018death of informant\u2019 must have nexus with the \u2018FIR\u2019 or somehow must have some link with any evidence regarding FIR, and the contents of FIR must be proved, but if the death was natural, then the FIR cannot be admissible in evidence. The Court held that the trial court was wrong in saying that the police officer in the absence of the first informant can prove the contents of FIR as per Section 67 of the Evidence Act, 1872.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Further relying on Supreme Court judgments in <em>Harkirat Singh<\/em> v. <em>State of Punjab, <\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/TV226CvE\">(1997) 11 SCC 215 : AIR 1997 SC 3231<\/a> and <em>Hazarilal<\/em> v. <em>State (Delhi Administration),\u00a0<\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/16cwdR29\">(1980) 2 SCC 390 : AIR 1980 SC 873<\/a> and the MP High Court judgment in <em>Umrao Singh<\/em> v. <em>State of M.P.<\/em> , 1961 CriLJ 270 the Court further observed that, the police can record three kinds of statements:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00b7 recorded as an FIR<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00b7 recorded by police during investigation<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00b7 any other statement other than the above two<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Court quashed and set aside the trial court\u2019s order and further directed the court to continue with the recording of evidence of the Investigating Officer keeping in mind the principles of law explained in this judgment. [Bhavanbhai Premjibhai Vaghela v. State of Gujarat, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/DocumentLink\/7Z6fBkI8\">2017 SCC OnLine Guj 1406<\/a>, decided on 30-11-2017]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Gujarat High Court: The order being passed by J.B. Pardiwala, J., for application filed under Article 227 of the Constitution by the <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":91,"featured_media":42052,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,10],"tags":[26494,3067],"class_list":["post-176194","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-highcourts","tag-death-of-the-first-informant","tag-FIR"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.4 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u2018Death\u2019 must have nexus with FIR: A pre-requisite for FIR to be admissible as evidence after \u2018death of first informant\u2019 | SCC Times<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2017\/12\/15\/death-must-nexus-fir-pre-requisite-fir-admissible-evidence-death-first-informant\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u2018Death\u2019 must have nexus with FIR: A pre-requisite for FIR to be admissible as evidence after \u2018death of first informant\u2019\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Gujarat High Court: The order being passed by J.B. 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Regarding the evidentiary value of the same, the Court added that it will be decided during hearing of the criminal appeal and the application for confirmation of sentence.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Orissa High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Orissa-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Orissa-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Orissa-High-Court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Orissa-High-Court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":199604,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2018\/08\/04\/not-mentioning-essential-facts-in-fir-point-towards-possibility-of-a-staged-crime-sc\/","url_meta":{"origin":176194,"position":1},"title":"Not mentioning essential facts in FIR point towards possibility of a staged crime: SC","author":"Bhumika Indulia","date":"August 4, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Supreme Court: M.M. Shantanagoudar, J., delivered the judgment for N.V. Ramana, J. and himself, and upheld the decision of the Patna High Court answering a death reference in negative and acquitting the Respondent 1. Respondent 1, along with co-accused, was convicted by the trial court under Sections 396 and 412\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/Supreme-Court_Colour.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":333083,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/10\/16\/long-standing-consensual-adulterous-relationship-without-cheating-notrape-on-pretext-of-marriage-allahabad-high-court\/","url_meta":{"origin":176194,"position":2},"title":"Long-standing consensual relationship without cheating not considered rape on pretext of marriage: Allahabad High Court","author":"Apoorva","date":"October 16, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cEach promise of marriage would not be considered as a fact of misconception for the purpose of consensual sexual intercourse unless it is established that such promise of marriage was a false promise of marriage on the part of the accused since the beginning of such a relationship.\u201d","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Allahabad High Court","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Allahabad-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Allahabad-High-Court.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Allahabad-High-Court.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Allahabad-High-Court.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":300285,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2023\/08\/29\/sc-observes-criminal-antecedents-accused-cannot-be-sole-consideration-decline-quash-proceedings\/","url_meta":{"origin":176194,"position":3},"title":"\u2018Criminal antecedents of accused cannot be sole consideration to decline quashment of proceedings&#8217;; SC Observes","author":"Editor","date":"August 29, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"\u201cFIR in a criminal case is an extremely vital and valuable piece of evidence for the purpose of corroborating the oral evidence adduced at the trial and the delay in the registration of the FIR, by itself, cannot be a ground for quashing of the FIR\u201d.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Case Briefs&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Case Briefs","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/category\/casebriefs\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"criminal antecedents of accused","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/criminal-antecedents-of-accused.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/criminal-antecedents-of-accused.webp?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/criminal-antecedents-of-accused.webp?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/criminal-antecedents-of-accused.webp?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":334414,"url":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2024\/11\/05\/supreme-court-upholds-acquittal-of-three-in-28-year-old-murder-case\/","url_meta":{"origin":176194,"position":4},"title":"\u2018FIR not an encyclopedia, but can be used to corroborate or contradict informant\u2019; 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Everybody should respect the religion, caste, creed etc. of another. 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