{"id":135201,"date":"2017-06-03T12:48:07","date_gmt":"2017-06-03T07:18:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/?p=135201"},"modified":"2017-06-03T13:05:50","modified_gmt":"2017-06-03T07:35:50","slug":"ecj-singapore-trade-deal-cannot-be-concluded-by-eu-alone","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.scconline.com\/blog\/post\/2017\/06\/03\/ecj-singapore-trade-deal-cannot-be-concluded-by-eu-alone\/","title":{"rendered":"ECJ : Singapore trade deal cannot be concluded by EU alone"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>European Court of Justice:<\/strong> The Full Court has opined that the free trade agreement with\u00a0Singapore could not, in its current form, be concluded by the EU alone, because the EU lacked\u00a0exclusive competence as regards some of the provisions of the envisaged agreement. Hence, the\u00a0agreement could, in its current form, be concluded only by the EU and the Member States acting\u00a0together.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In 2013, the EU and Singapore had initialled the text of a free trade agreement. The agreement\u00a0was one of the first \u2018new generation\u2019 bilateral free trade agreements, which contained, in addition\u00a0to the classical provisions on the reduction of customs duties and of non-tariff barriers in the\u00a0field of trade in goods and services, provisions on various matters related to trade, such as\u00a0intellectual property protection, investment, public procurement, competition and sustainable\u00a0development. The Commission had submitted a request to the Court of Justice for an opinion to\u00a0determine whether the EU had exclusive competence enabling it to sign and conclude the\u00a0envisaged agreement by itself.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Court was of the opinion that the EU had exclusive competence as to the provisions\u00a0concerning access to the EU and the Singapore markets for goods and services, public\u00a0procurement, and energy generation from sustainable non-fossil sources; protection of direct\u00a0foreign investments of Singapore nationals in the EU (and vice versa); intellectual property\u00a0rights; anti-competitive activities; and sustainable development. The Court noted that the\u00a0objective of sustainable development had become an integral part of the common commercial\u00a0policy of the EU and that the envisaged agreement was intended to make liberalisation of trade\u00a0between the EU and Singapore subject to the condition that the parties complied with their\u00a0international obligations concerning social protection of workers and environmental protection.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">However, the Court observed that the EU lacked exclusive competence as regards the field of\u00a0non-direct foreign investment (\u2018portfolio\u2019 investments made without any intention to influence\u00a0the management and control of an undertaking) and the regime governing dispute settlement\u00a0between investors and States. In order for the EU to have exclusive competence in the field of\u00a0non-direct foreign investment, conclusion of the agreement would have to be capable of affecting\u00a0EU acts or altering their scope. As that was not the case, the Court concluded that the EU did not\u00a0have exclusive competence. That conclusion also extended to the rules relating to exchange of\u00a0information, and to the obligations governing notification, verification, cooperation, mediation,\u00a0transparency and dispute settlement, as regards non-direct foreign investment. The Court also\u00a0noted that the regime governing dispute settlement between investors and States also fell within a\u00a0competence shared between the EU and the Member States, since a regime which removed\u00a0disputes from the jurisdiction of the courts of the Member States could not be established\u00a0without the Member States\u2019 consent. [Opinion pursuant to Article 218(11) TFEU, Opinion 2\/15, EU:C:2017:376, decided on May 16, 2017]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>European Court of Justice: The Full Court has opined that the free trade agreement with\u00a0Singapore could not, in its current form, be <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":91,"featured_media":71611,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,4631],"tags":[18261,18251],"class_list":["post-135201","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-casebriefs","category-international-courts","tag-dispute-settlement","tag-free-trade-agreement"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>ECJ : Singapore trade deal cannot be 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